[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40161-en":3,"doc-seo-40161-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},40161,962075006959,"Anda","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e0002397efbe92a78e?_k=1776741047341049297",2,"Literature","Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding","Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding presents David Hume’s reflections on how moral philosophy and the study of human nature should be approached. It distinguishes two methods for treating moral philosophy: one that treats humans chiefly as born for action and guided by taste, sentiment, and exemplary contrasts that aim to move hearts toward virtue; and another that treats humans as reasonable, pursuing theoretical inquiry into principles governing understanding and the regulation of approval and blame, seeking increasingly general foundations of distinctions such as morals, truth, and beauty.","Copyright © Jonathan Bennett  \nSquare [brackets] enclose editorial explanations. Small ·dots · enclose material that has been added, but can be read as though it were part of the original text. Occasional Ÿbullets, and also indenting of passages that are not quotations, are meant as aids to grasping the structure of a sentence or a thought.  \nFirst launched: July 2004.  \n* * * * * * * * *  \nEnquiry Concerning Human Understanding  \nBy David Hume  \n1. The different species of philosophy ...................................................................... 2  \n2. The origin of ideas ............................................................................................... 8  \n3. The association of ideas ..................................................................................... 11  \n4. Sceptical doubts concerning the operations of the understanding........................ 11  \n5. Sceptical solution of these doubts ...................................................................... 19  \n6. Probability ......................................................................................................... 27  \n7. The idea of necessary connection ....................................................................... 29  \n8. Liberty and necessity.......................................................................................... 39  \n9. The reason of animals ........................................................................................ 52  \n10. Miracles ........................................................................................................... 55  \n11. A particular providence and a future state ........................................................ 68  \n12. The sceptical philosophy ................................................................................. 77  \nMost ofthe principles and reasonings contained in this volume were published in a work in three volumes called A Treatise of Human Nature-a work which the author had planned before he left college, and which he wrote and published not long after. Its failure made him aware of his error in publishing too early, and he reworked the whole thing in the following pieces, in which he hopes he has corrected some careless slips in his reasoning, and more in his expression of his views, in the Treatise. [The ‘pieces’ are the present work, the Dissertation on the Passions and the Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, which were all published together.] Yet several writers who have honoured the author’s philosophy with answers have taken care to aim their guns only at that youthful work, which the author never acknowledged, ·having published it anonymously · , and they have boasted of the victories they thought they had won against it. This is behaviour is flatly contrary to all the rules of honesty and fairness, and a striking example of those debating tricks that bigoted zealots think it is all right for them to employ. From now on the author wants the following pieces to be regarded as the sole source for his philosophical opinions and principles.  \n2  \nSection 1: The different species of philosophy  \nMoral philosophy, or the science of human nature, can be treated in two different ways, each of which has its own special merit and may contribute to the entertainment , instruction, and reformation of mankind [ ‘moral philosophy’ here covers every study involving human nature, including history, politics, etc.] . ŸOne of the two treatments considers man chiefly as born for action, and as guided in his conduct by taste and sentiment [= ‘feeling or opinion’], pursuing one object and avoiding another according to the value they seem to have and according to the light in which they are presented. As virtue is agreed to be the most valuable thing one could pursue, philosophers of this kind paint virtue in the most charming colours, getting help from poetry and eloquence and treating their subject in a popular and undemanding","cbCaiesxbGJiquvn","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiesxbGJiquvn","pdf",509559,3,1,85,"English","en",105,"# The different species of philosophy\n## Moral philosophy as action and sentiment\n## Moral philosophy as theoretical enquiry","[{\"question\":\"How does Hume describe two approaches to moral philosophy?\",\"answer\":\"He explains that moral philosophy can be treated in two different ways: one focuses on humans as guided by taste and sentiment, and the other focuses on humans as reasonable beings whose thinking should be shaped through theoretical enquiry.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the aim of the first kind of moral philosophy according to the text?\",\"answer\":\"It aims to entertain, instruct, and reform by painting virtue attractively, using poetry and eloquence, selecting vivid examples, and directing readers toward love of honesty and true honour.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the aim of the second kind of moral philosophy according to the text?\",\"answer\":\"It aims to investigate the principles that regulate understanding and stir up sentiments, moving from particular instances to general—and ultimately basic—principles that set limits on human curiosity.\"}]",1783305227,131,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":28},"enquiry-concerning-human-understanding","",{"@graph":36,"@context":84},[37,52,67],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,49],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/enquiry-concerning-human-understanding/40161/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":41,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-11","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"How does Hume describe two approaches to moral philosophy?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"He explains that moral philosophy can be treated in two different ways: one focuses on humans as guided by taste and sentiment, and the other focuses on humans as reasonable beings whose thinking should be shaped through theoretical enquiry.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"What is the aim of the first kind of moral philosophy according to the text?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"It aims to entertain, instruct, and reform by painting virtue attractively, using poetry and eloquence, selecting vivid examples, and directing readers toward love of honesty and true honour.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What is the aim of the second kind of moral philosophy according to the text?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"It aims to investigate the principles that regulate understanding and stir up sentiments, moving from particular instances to general—and ultimately basic—principles that 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