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This action research introduces an asynchronous learning strategy to support synchronous learning and strengthen student interaction. Ten Indonesian workers enrolled in the Translation V course at Indonesia Open University in Taiwan participated. Interaction threads were examined through social networking analysis, content analysis, and learner reflections. Results show increased synchronous interaction, especially when tutors used informal assignment instructions in action research cycle II, building on more independent guidance in cycle I.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/enhancing-foreign-workers-online-learning-interaction-strategy-an-action-research-in-indonesia-open-university-taiwan/591922/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/enhancing-foreign-workers-online-learning-interaction-strategy-an-action-research-in-indonesia-open-university-taiwan/591922.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is interaction quality a critical issue in synchronous online courses for Indonesian workers in Taiwan?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Interaction quality has often been disturbed by workers’ busy daily routines and the interruptions that occur during synchronous sessions. This also makes it harder for tutors to sustain interaction and lecturing momentum.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What strategy did the study apply to improve online learning interaction?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study supplemented synchronous learning with an asynchronous instructional learning strategy, aiming to enhance student interaction in the online learning environment.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How was the effect of the asynchronous-enhanced synchronous strategy evaluated?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"All interaction threads were analyzed using social networking analysis and content analysis, and students’ perceptions were collected through reflections.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591922,1792166568,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Enhancing Foreign Workers’ Online Learning Interaction Strategy: An Action Research in Indonesia Open University Taiwan  \nRotua Zendrato , Ben Chang , Hercy Cheng  \nAbstract: Indonesian workers in Taiwan have been taking synchronous online courses to enhance their education for several years. Still, the most crucial part of a synchronous course, the interaction quality, in the past, in general, was highly disturbed by the workers' busy daily work and had room to improve. Therefore, improving online interaction quality is a critical issue in workers' online courses. This study assigns an asynchronous learning strategy to supplement synchronous learning to enhance student interaction. Ten Indonesian workers as part of the Translation V course students of Indonesia Open University in Taiwan were involved. Action research was conducted to explore the effects of the asynchronous enhanced synchronous learning strategy on the students' interactions and perceptions. All the interaction threads were analyzed and described by social networking analysis, content analysis, and students' perceptions from their reflections. The results reveal that the students' interaction increased in the synchronous learning with informal assignment instructions directed by the tutor in the action research cycle II as an action to increase interaction in cycle I, which tended to be independent learning instructions. The study suggests implementing blended learning in synchronous online tutoring programs and providing asynchronous learning strategies to enhance online students' interaction .  \nKeywords: Instructional learning activities, action research, students’ interaction, online learning , distance education  \nHighlights  \nWhat is already known about this topic:  \n• The distance education method carried out by the Indonesian Open University for Indonesian residents working abroad, especially in Taiwan, has been running for several years.  \n• Distance education conducted by the Indonesian Open University uses online and a teaching system such as traditional face-to-face teaching.  \nWhat this paper contributes:  \n• This research provides input for educational actors, especially teachers, in improving their teaching techniques to improve student interaction during remote teaching.  \n• This research provides input for educational actors, especially teachers, in improving their teaching techniques to improve student interaction during remote teaching.  \nImplications for theory, practice and/or policy:  \n• Educational institutions know how to make online learning environments work with a teaching system that can be used as a fixed system.  \n• Educators have referenced implementing their teaching instructions to increase student interaction in online learning environments.  \nIntroduction  \nIndonesia Open University in Taiwan provides online learning opportunities for Indonesian foreign workers to obtain higher education services in Taiwan. Among the various learning activities served, synchronous learning, regarded as an effective way of learning developed by the Indonesia Open University, is the most applied. Such online classes used to meet weekly via synchronous tools, such as Skype for Business, at night during or after work. However, due to the nature of the foreign workers, the synchronous learning is sometimes interrupted, which makes it more challenging to do their role as online learners. Most of these students work from Monday to Sunday, and most work as caregivers for elderly parents, who require standby assistance at all times. This situation presents challenges in preparing for their studies and also disrupts their time, as commonly experienced by other online learners (Riady, 2014; Kuo & Belland, 2016; Puspitasari & Oetoyo, 2018) .  \nThe students who attended the class used to take turns, and the tutor found it hard to identify how many students would attend from the beginning of the class to the end. Meanwhile, some students come late to class","cbCaimGgpllJtni5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimGgpllJtni5","pdf",859990,"English","# Abstract\n# Highlights\n## What is already known about this topic\n## What this paper contributes\n## Implications for theory, practice and/or policy\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Why is interaction quality a critical issue in synchronous online courses for Indonesian workers in Taiwan?\",\"answer\":\"Interaction quality has often been disturbed by workers’ busy daily routines and the interruptions that occur during synchronous sessions. This also makes it harder for tutors to sustain interaction and lecturing momentum.\"},{\"question\":\"What strategy did the study apply to improve online learning interaction?\",\"answer\":\"The study supplemented synchronous learning with an asynchronous instructional learning strategy, aiming to enhance student interaction in the online learning environment.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the effect of the asynchronous-enhanced synchronous strategy evaluated?\",\"answer\":\"All interaction threads were analyzed using social networking analysis and content analysis, and students’ perceptions were collected through reflections.\"}]","Enhancing Foreign Workers’ Online Learning Interaction Strategy - An Action Research in Indonesia Open University Taiwan | PDF",1792073482,48]