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Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a non-invasive approach designed to improve tissue perfusion. This single-center, prospective randomized controlled pilot trial evaluated postoperative EECP after cannulated screw fixation, assessing fracture union, femoral head perfusion metrics via Doppler ultrasound, and hip functional recovery measured by the Harris Hip Score over 12 months.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/enhanced-external-counterpulsation-assisted-cannulated-screw-fixation-promoted-femoral-neck-fracture-healing-a-pilot-randomized-controlled-trial/452324/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/enhanced-external-counterpulsation-assisted-cannulated-screw-fixation-promoted-femoral-neck-fracture-healing-a-pilot-randomized-controlled-trial/452324.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"pop out","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What problem does EECP target after femoral neck fracture surgery?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"EECP aims to improve peripheral and tissue perfusion, addressing the limited blood supply associated with delayed union or nonunion after femoral neck fractures.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was EECP administered in the trial?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Patients received daily 1-hour EECP sessions starting three weeks postoperatively for seven consecutive weeks, while the control group received standard care without EECP.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which outcomes were used to judge treatment effectiveness?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The study recorded fracture union time, incidences of avascular necrosis of the femoral head and nonunion, and assessed hip function using the Harris Hip Score at 3, 6, and 12 months.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},452324,1790970084,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090760408,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Wang et al. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders (2026) 27:11  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-09363-8](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-09363-8)  \nBMC Musculoskeletal Disorders  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nEnhanced external counterpulsation-assisted  cannulated screw fixation promoted femoral neck fracture healing: a pilot randomized controlled trial  \nZheng Wang 1,2,3†, Wang Zhang 1,2†, Changhuan Liu 1,2†, Qichao Zheng4, Xue Fang 1,2, Zhenyu Pan 1,2,3, Weidong Xiao 1,2,3, Baiwen Qi 1,2,3, Min Zhou 1,2,3, Zonghuan Li 1,2,3, Pengcheng Li 1,2,3, Qingbiao Wei5, Zhe Xie 1,2,3*, Aixi Yu 1,2,3* and Xin Wang 1,2,3,5*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Femoral neck fractures often lead to complications such as delayed union or nonunion due to limited blood supply to the femoral head. Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a non-invasive method that improves peripheral and tissue perfusion. This study aimed to evaluate whether postoperative EECP could promote fracture healing and improve hip function recovery after cannulated screw fixation for femoral neck fractures.  \nMethods This single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial included patients with acute femoral neck fractures eligible for cannulated screw fixation. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into two groups using a computer-generated random sequence. Group assignments were sealed in opaque envelopes to ensure allocation concealment. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Three weeks postoperatively, patients in the EECP group underwent daily 1-hour EECP sessions for 7 consecutive weeks, while the control group received standard care without EECP. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistance index (RI) of the medial femoral circumflex artery on the ipsilateral fracture side. Fracture union time, as well as the incidences of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) and nonunion, were recorded. The Harris Hip Score (HHS) was assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.  \nResults A total of 64 patients completed at least 24 months of follow-up, including 31 in the EECP group and 33 in the control group. After the final EECP session, the EECP group demonstrated significantly higher PSV and EDV values  \n†Zheng Wang, Wang Zhang and Changhuan Liu Liu are co-first authors. These authors contributed equally to this study.  \n*Correspondence:  \nZhe Xie [xiezhe@znhospital.com](xiezhe@znhospital.com)[ ](xiezhe@znhospital.com)Aixi Yu  \n[yuaixi@whu.edu.cn](yuaixi@whu.edu.cn)[ ](yuaixi@whu.edu.cn)Xin Wang [wangxinznyy@whu.edu.cn](wangxinznyy@whu.edu.cn)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/l](vecommons.org/l)icenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.  \nWang et al. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders (2026) 27:11 Page 2 of 10  \ncompared to the control group (both p \u003C 0. 0001; 95% CI: -10.55 to-7 .42, -3.83 to-3 . 22, respectively), while RI values","cbCaisBfoPAavhOW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisBfoPAavhOW","pdf",1480654,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Keywords\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What problem does EECP target after femoral neck fracture surgery?\",\"answer\":\"EECP aims to improve peripheral and tissue perfusion, addressing the limited blood supply associated with delayed union or nonunion after femoral neck fractures.\"},{\"question\":\"How was EECP administered in the trial?\",\"answer\":\"Patients received daily 1-hour EECP sessions starting three weeks postoperatively for seven consecutive weeks, while the control group received standard care without EECP.\"},{\"question\":\"Which outcomes were used to judge treatment effectiveness?\",\"answer\":\"The study recorded fracture union time, incidences of avascular necrosis of the femoral head and nonunion, and assessed hip function using the Harris Hip Score at 3, 6, and 12 months.\"}]","Enhanced external counterpulsation-assisted cannulated screw fixation promoted femoral neck fracture healing: a pilot randomized controlled trial | PDF",1790736909,25]