[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-443858-105":59,"doc-detail-443858-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","enhanced-electrochemical-detection-of-lead-ions-using-schiff-basemos2-modified-screen-printed-electrodes","Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of Lead Ions Using Schiff Base/MoS2 Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes","","Environmental contamination by heavy metals (HMs) remains a critical concern; among them, Pb2+ is distinguished by its toxicity, bioaccumulation, and persistence. Disposable, noble-metal-free screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) are functionalized with MoS2 nanosheets covalently conjugated to newly synthesized Schiff bases (SB1, SB2) for enhanced Pb2+ sensing in water. Squarewave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) in PBS (pH 4.0) shows MoS2@SB2/SPCE with markedly higher Pb2+ currents, sensitivity 220.344 μA μM−1 cm−2, LOD 0.267 μM, and linear range 1–5 μM in tap water, with good selectivity and reproducibility.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/enhanced-electrochemical-detection-of-lead-ions-using-schiff-basemos2-modified-screen-printed-electrodes/443858/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/enhanced-electrochemical-detection-of-lead-ions-using-schiff-basemos2-modified-screen-printed-electrodes/443858.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alex Sinclair","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What electrodes and interface design are used for lead ion sensing?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study uses disposable noble-metal-free screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) functionalized with MoS2 nanosheets covalently conjugated to synthesized Schiff bases (SB1, SB2), forming a chemically defined MoS2–SB interface.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How is Pb2+ detected and under what conditions?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Pb2+ is measured using squarewave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) under optimized conditions in PBS at pH 4.0.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What analytical performance is reported for the MoS2@SB2/SPCE sensor?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"MoS2@SB2/SPCE shows higher Pb2+ currents than bare and other modified electrodes, with area-normalized sensitivity of 220.344 μA μM−1 cm−2, a limit of detection of 0.267 μM, and a primary linear range of 1–5 μM.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},443858,1790741928,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36},1099523882182,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","This article is licensed under CC-BY 4.0   \n[http://pubs.acs.org/journal/acsodf](http://pubs.acs.org/journal/acsodf)  Article   \nEnhanced Electrochemical Detection of Lead Ions Using Schiff Base/ MoS2 Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes  \nDaniela Iannazzo, Zahra Akbari, Consuelo Celesti, * Federica Bucolo, * Salvatore V. Giofr̀e, Sebastiano Vasi, Dario Morganti, Khouloud Abid, and Giovanni Neri  \n Cite This: ACS Omega 2025, 10, 58747−58762  \nRead Online  \n\n|  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| ACCESS   | Metrics & More |  |  Article Recommendations |  | *sı Supporting Information |\n\nABSTRACT: Environmental contamination by heavy metals (HMs) remains a critical concern; among them, Pb2+ is distinguished by its toxicity, bioaccumulation, and persistence. Here, we present disposable, noble-metal-free screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) functionalized with MoS2 nanosheets covalently conjugated to newly synthesized Schiff bases (SB1, SB2) via amonochloroacetic-acid linker, affording a chemically defined MoS2−SB interface for enhanced Pb2+ sensing in water. Using squarewave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) under optimized conditions in PBS (pH 4.0), the MoS2@SB2/SPCE exhibits markedly higher currents than both bare and other modified electrodes. The sensor achieves an area-normalized sensitivity of 220.344 μA μM−1 cm−2, a limit of detection of 0.267 μM, and a primary linear range of 1−5 μM for Pb2+. This covalent interfacial design couples the high surface area and conductivity of MoS2 with SB2 driven chelation, yielding good selectivity, device-to-device reproducibility, and reliable performance in tap water samples. Our results outline a viable path for the low-cost and on-site monitoring of lead ions in complex water matrices.  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nConcerns related to environmental pollution from heavy metals [HMs] are well-known and continue to grow on a global scale.1 These pollutants, including lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As), are recognized as particularly detrimental to the entire ecosystem and biologically unnecessary.2 Toxic HMs can enter the environment through both natural processes and human activities, ultimately accumulating in soils, water bodies, or the atmosphere. Mining, electroplating, smelting, fertilizer production, pesticide application, tanneries, paper, and electronics industries have contributed to significant releases of HMs into the natural ecosystem, which have been shown to disrupt physiological functions in biological systems.3 Furthermore, environmental contamination from heavy metals also arises from processes such as leaching, corrosion, atmospheric deposition, sediment resuspension into soil and groundwater, and metal evaporation from water sources.4,5 The toxicity of these hazardous materials depends on the specific type of heavy metals, as well as the concentration and duration of exposure to living organisms. The detection of HMs ions in environmental and biological systems is crucial because of their toxicity, potential  \nfor bioaccumulation, and persistence in the environment.6 Among these, lead is a nonessential heavy metal with unknown functions in the human body, classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as carcinogenic, or potentially carcinogenic to humans.7 Exposure to Pb2+ ion is related to cancer and infections in various organs, including the urinary tract, reproductive system, central nervous system, and respiratory system.8,9 The maximum limit of Pb2+ ion in the human body is 0.015 mg/L.10 Consequently, due to its high toxicity, potential for bioaccumulation, and persistence in the environment, rigorous monitoring of this ion in both environmental and biological systems is essential. Traditional detection methods, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP−MS), provide high sensitivity and precision","cbCaikCRtoC5R34n","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikCRtoC5R34n","pdf",8382162,16,"English","# Abstract\n## Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What electrodes and interface design are used for lead ion sensing?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses disposable noble-metal-free screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) functionalized with MoS2 nanosheets covalently conjugated to synthesized Schiff bases (SB1, SB2), forming a chemically defined MoS2–SB interface.\"},{\"question\":\"How is Pb2+ detected and under what conditions?\",\"answer\":\"Pb2+ is measured using squarewave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) under optimized conditions in PBS at pH 4.0.\"},{\"question\":\"What analytical performance is reported for the MoS2@SB2/SPCE sensor?\",\"answer\":\"MoS2@SB2/SPCE shows higher Pb2+ currents than bare and other modified electrodes, with area-normalized sensitivity of 220.344 μA μM−1 cm−2, a limit of detection of 0.267 μM, and a primary linear range of 1–5 μM.\"}]","Enhanced Electrochemical Detection of Lead Ions Using Schiff Base/MoS2 Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes | PDF",1790705735]