[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-300241-105":59,"doc-detail-300241-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","english-in-india-british-east-india-company-to-macaulays-reforms","ENGLISH IN INDIA - British East India Company to Macaulay’s Reforms","","British policies that promoted English education in India trace their origins to the East India Company’s expansion from the early 1600s. The material describes motives for adopting English, including governance convenience, administrative workforce needs, and westernizing aims, then compares Orientalists and Anglicists in their educational beliefs. It outlines key reforms such as the Charter Act of 1813, the post-1835 shift to English via Macaulay’s Minute, missionary schooling, print and examination culture, and Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s initiatives.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/english-in-india-british-east-india-company-to-macaulays-reforms/300241/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/english-in-india-british-east-india-company-to-macaulays-reforms/300241.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Hazel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-07","2026-09-18",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What were the main reasons the British promoted English in India?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The material lists easier governance for those who know the ruler’s language, administrative workforce requirements, a superiority complex, and the goal to westernize Indians.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How did education change after the Charter Act of 1813?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The Charter Act is described as the first formal British educational policy, funding education in India and allowing Christian missionaries to establish schools.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What did Macaulay’s Minute (1835) change about education and administration?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It made English the official medium of instruction, promoted Western learning through English, redirected funding from Oriental institutions to English-medium missionary schools, and supported teacher training in English while replacing Persian in administration and courts.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},300241,1790578832,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":41,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},137441390410,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2000252f4ab5702993?_k=1776741390130283984","GH  \n■The British East India Company,also called The Governor and Company ofMerchants of London Trading into the East Indies,was founded on 31stDecember 1600 by Queen Elizabeth 1.  \n■ It arrived in India on 24th August 1608,docking at Surat,and soon set uptrading posts along the coast.  \n■ Initially focused on trade,the Company gradually entered politics,becoming aruling power in India.  \n·This transition contributed to the spread of English in the country.  \n·Charles Grant,a Company director,drafted the first plan for Englisheducation in India.  \n■ He viewed Indians as uncivilized and believed English education would\"civilize\"them,proposing it as the medium of instruction.  \nWhy were they doing so?  \n·Acrowd which knows the languageof their ruler will be easy to govern.  \n·Requirement of workforce foradministrative work(Clerks,Peons,etc.)  \n·Superiority complex  \n·To westernize the Indians  \n# How did they decide to do it?\n\n·Introduction of Christianity througheducation.(Missionary work:theestablishment ofmissionary schools for children)  \n·Adoption of English as the language ofEast India Company despite the fact thatPersian was theofficial language at that point in time.  \n·Promotion of Printing Press  \nAspect  \nBelief  \nMedium of Instruction  \nSupport for  \nNotable Supporters  \nPurpose of Education  \n# Orientalists\n\nIndian culture andtraditional knowledgeshould be preserved.  \nSanskrit,Persian,andArabic  \nRevival of traditionalIndian learning and texts  \nWilliam Jones,NathanielHalhed  \nTo improve and preserveindigenous systems  \nAnglicists  \nWestern(especiallyEnglish)education issuperior.  \nEnglish  \nnm二1  \nIntroduction of Westernscience,literature,andideas  \nThomas BabingtonMacaulay,Charles Grant  \nTo “civilize”Indiansthrough Westerneducation  \n# Educational Reforms\n\n(East India Company &British Government)  \nCharter Act of 1813:  \n·First formal educational policy by the British.  \n·Allocated天1 lakh/year for education in India.  \n·Allowed Christian missionaries to establish schools.  \n# Orientalist Approach(Pre-1835):\n\n·Focused on classical Indian languages (Sanskrit,Arabic,Persian).  \n·Institutions:Calcutta Madrasa(1781),Banaras Sanskrit College(1791).  \n·General Committee of Public Instruction(1823)supported Orientalstudies.  \n# Shift Towards English Education:\n\n·1820s:English seen as useful for administration and employment.  \nMacaulay's Minute(1835):English made official medium of instruction.  \n·Promoted Western literature,science,and ideas.  \n# Missionary Education:\n\n·Growth after 1813 Charter Act.Schools aimed at religious conversion and Westernvalues.  \n·Key examples:Baptist Mission School(1815),Serampore College(1818),Duff'sInstitution(1830).  \n# Rise of Print &Examination Culture:\n\n·English newspapers(e.g.,Hicky's Gazette;First English newspaper in India)promoted English literacy.  \n·Shift from oral teaching to standardized exams and textbook learning.  \n# Raja Ram Mohan Roy'sRole in Spreading English Education:\n\n## ·Critic of Traditional Learning:\n\nOpposed the Sanskrit and Persian-based education system,calling itoutdated and disconnected from contemporary needs.  \n## ·  Promoted English Education:\n\nAdvocated for Western sciences,logic,and philosophy to be taughtthrough English.  \n# Key Initiatives by Roy:\n\n·  Hindoo College(1817):  \nPlayed a major role in establishing this institution in Calcutta(now PresidencyUniversity),which became a hub for modern education.  \n·  Vedanta College(1825):Founded by Roy to combine Western science with Indian philosophy(Vedanta).  \n·  Opposed Sanskrit College(1823):  \nObjected to the British decision to fund traditional Sanskrit learning;argued itreinforced caste and superstition.  \n·  Letter to Lord Amherst(1823):  \nUrged the Governor-General to support English education over classical Indianstudies.  \n·Sambad Kaumudi(1821):  \nLaunched a Bengali weekly to promote education,freedom of expression,andsocial reform.  \n# Thomas Babington Macaulay(1800-1859)\n\nMacaulay's Minute on Ind","cbCaijKbizU79Vjn","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijKbizU79Vjn","pdf",1862071,"English","# The British East India Company and the Spread of English\n## Why They Chose English\n## How They Decided to Do It\n# Orientalists vs Anglicists\n# Educational Reforms and the Charter Act of 1813\n## Orientalist Approach (Pre-1835)\n## Shift Toward English Education\n## Missionary Education\n## Print and Examination Culture\n# Raja Ram Mohan Roy’s Role\n# Thomas Babington Macaulay and Macaulay’s Minute (1835)\n## Key Proposals and Impacts","[{\"question\":\"What were the main reasons the British promoted English in India?\",\"answer\":\"The material lists easier governance for those who know the ruler’s language, administrative workforce requirements, a superiority complex, and the goal to westernize Indians.\"},{\"question\":\"How did education change after the Charter Act of 1813?\",\"answer\":\"The Charter Act is described as the first formal British educational policy, funding education in India and allowing Christian missionaries to establish schools.\"},{\"question\":\"What did Macaulay’s Minute (1835) change about education and administration?\",\"answer\":\"It made English the official medium of instruction, promoted Western learning through English, redirected funding from Oriental institutions to English-medium missionary schools, and supported teacher training in English while replacing Persian in administration and courts.\"}]","ENGLISH IN INDIA - British East India Company to Macaulay’s Reforms | PDF",1789773629,76]