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The report describes a trauma-related recurrence following previous wrist interventions, including angiographic characterization of a direct AVF and collateral assessment using a selective Allen test. NBCA is delivered via microcatheter glue embolization with blood pressure cuff-assisted flow control, and the case is contextualized with a brief literature comparison against alternative endovascular strategies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/endovascular-n-butyl-cyanoacrylate-embolization-for-recurrent-post-traumatic-radial-arteriovenous-fistula-after-failed-surgical-ligation-a-technical-note-and-literature-review/448375/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/endovascular-n-butyl-cyanoacrylate-embolization-for-recurrent-post-traumatic-radial-arteriovenous-fistula-after-failed-surgical-ligation-a-technical-note-and-literature-review/448375.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ophelia","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What condition does the technical note focus on?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It focuses on a recurrent post-traumatic radial arteriovenous fistula after surgical ligation failed.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Why was endovascular NBCA embolization chosen in the reported case?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"NBCA was used as the sole embolic agent with blood pressure cuff-assisted flow control, offering a technically simple and cost-effective alternative after recurrence.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What role did angiography play in management?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Angiography demonstrated a direct AVF configuration and evaluated distal perfusion, including a selective angiographic Allen test to confirm adequate collateral circulation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},448375,1791004419,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},7971461741311,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826","Vascular Specialist International  \npISSN 2288-7970 • eISSN 2288-7989 (2026) 42:2  \nEndovascular N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Embolization for Recurrent Post-Traumatic Radial Arteriovenous Fistula After Failed Surgical Ligation: A Technical Note and Literature Review  \nTechnical Note  \nAshwin Garg  \nDepartment of Radiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India  \nRadial arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), although rare and usually trauma-related, are being observed more frequently due to the growing popularity of transradial catheterization. Treatment options include physical compression, surgical repair, or endovascular intervention. While surgical ligation remains the standard treatment for most extremity AVFs, treatment failure and recurrence have been reported. Endovascular embolization with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) is well established in neurovascular and visceral interventions; however, its application in extremity AVFs has rarely been documented. We present a case of recurrent post-traumatic radial AVF successfully treated using NBCA as the sole embolic agent in a single session following failed surgical ligation. This case highlights a technically simple and cost-effective approach using microcatheter-based glue embolization and blood pressure cuff-assisted flow control. A brief literature review is also provided, comparing this technique with other endovascular treatment options, including stent graft placement and balloon-assisted glue embolization.  \nKey Words: Wounds and injuries, Radial artery, Arteriovenous fistula, Therapeutic embolization, Cyanoacrylates  \nReceived September 26, 2025  \nRevised November 15, 2025  \nAccepted December 8, 2025  \nPublished on January 7, 2026  \nCorresponding author: Ashwin Garg Department of Radiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India  \nTel: 91-9999569536  \nE-mail: [ashwin_garg@yahoo.co.in](ashwin_garg@yahoo.co.in)  \n[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3856-471X](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3856-471X)  \n© 2026 The Korean Society for Vascular Surgery  \nThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nCite this article; Vasc Specialist Int 2026. [https://doi.org/10.5758/vsi.250113](https://doi.org/10.5758/vsi.250113)  \nINTRODUCTION  \nRadial arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare vascular lesions that most commonly arise as a consequence of trauma. Although their incidence remains low, radial AVFs are being reported more frequently with the expanding use of transradial coronary catheterization and peripheral catheterization. Patients often present in a delayed fashion, frequently after the development of established symptoms such as swelling, pain, or a palpable thrill.  \nConventional treatment options include prolonged physical compression and surgical ligation; however, endovascular management has increasingly been adopted, particularly  \nin cases of treatment failure or recurrence.  \nIn this report, we describe a unique case of postoperative recurrence of a radial AVF in which N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) was used as the sole embolic agent with blood pressure cuff-assisted flow control, providing a technically simple and cost-effective alternative to conventional approaches. This manuscript does not contain any identifiable patient information. All clinical details and images have been fully anonymized. Due to the retrospective nature of the report and complete de-identification of data, patient consent and ethics committee approval were not required.  \n[https://doi.org/10.5758/vsi.250113](https://doi.org/10.5758/vsi.250113) Page 1 of 6  \nTECHNIQUE  \nA 23-year-old male presented to our hospital with a history o","cbCaipz7XVppnC4B","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipz7XVppnC4B","pdf",5675830,"English","# Introduction\n# Technique\n## Clinical presentation and prior surgery\n## Angiographic findings and diagnosis\n## Treatment approach","[{\"question\":\"What condition does the technical note focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on a recurrent post-traumatic radial arteriovenous fistula after surgical ligation failed.\"},{\"question\":\"Why was endovascular NBCA embolization chosen in the reported case?\",\"answer\":\"NBCA was used as the sole embolic agent with blood pressure cuff-assisted flow control, offering a technically simple and cost-effective alternative after recurrence.\"},{\"question\":\"What role did angiography play in management?\",\"answer\":\"Angiography demonstrated a direct AVF configuration and evaluated distal perfusion, including a selective angiographic Allen test to confirm adequate collateral circulation.\"}]","Endovascular N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Embolization for Recurrent Post-Traumatic Radial Arteriovenous Fistula After Failed Surgical Ligation - A Technical Note and Literature Review | PDF",1790726785,15]