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S (2025) . Endocrine disruptors and children's health. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 55 (7): 1671-1680 . [https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.6129](https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.6129)  \nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.  \nThis Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. It has been accepted for inclusion in Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences by an authorized editor of TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. For more information, please contact [academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr](academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr)  \n\n| \u003Cbr>| Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences [http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/](http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/)\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>Review Article | Turk J Med Sci\u003Cbr>(2025) 55: 1671-1680 © TÜBİTAK\u003Cbr>doi:10.55730/1300-0144.6129 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\nEndocrine disruptors and children’s health  \nErsen KARAKILIÇ1􀁋, Durmuş DOĞAN2􀁋, Emre Sedar SAYGILI1,*􀁋  \n1  \nDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale,  \nTurkiye  \n2  \nDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University,  \nÇanakkale, Turkiye  \nReceived: 25.02.2025  Accepted/Published Online: 06.11.2025  Final Version: 17.12.2025  \nAbstract: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are environmental contaminants that disrupt hormonal regulation by mimicking, inhibiting, or modifying endocrine signaling pathways. EDCs are commonly present in plastics, pesticides, industrial byproducts, and personal care products and pose substantial health risks, particularly to vulnerable groups such as infants and children. Early-life exposure is especially concerning due to the developing detoxification systems, the immaturity of the blood–brain barrier, and the ongoing organ differentiation, making these periods highly susceptible to EDCs’ harmful effects. Moreover, exposure during critical developmental periods, such as sex differentiation and neurodevelopment, can lead to significant long-term developmental impairments that persist into later life.  \nPerinatal and childhood exposure to EDCs has been linked to various adverse health outcomes, including neurodevelopmental delays, impairments in reproductive health, obesity, type 2 diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, and even a heightened risk of certain malignancies. These effects are mediated through various mechanisms, including direct modulation of hormone receptors, disruption of genetic regulation, and interference with endocrine feedback systems. Alterations in endocrine signaling, particularly disruptions in thyroid hormone homeostasis, may also indirectly impair cognitive development, increasing the risk of attention disorders and intellectual impairment.  \nAlthough regulatory measures to reduce EDC exposure are crucial, current restrictions remain insufficient. Moreover, as new EDCs emerge, ongoing research is essential to understand their risks and develop effective strategies to minimize their potential harm. Protecting future generations requires a proactive approach that combines public health awareness, strong regulations, and ongoing scientific research. This review highlights the potential risks of EDCs exposure in children and highlights the significance of multidisciplinary research and policy efforts.  \nKey words: Endocrine disruptors, child health, obesity, child development disorders, puberty, thyroid  \n1. Introduction  \nEndocrine-d","cbCaib79qnra4mam","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaib79qnra4mam","pdf",322209,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Mechanisms of endocrine disruption\n# Review Article","[{\"question\":\"What are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and how do they affect the body?\",\"answer\":\"EDCs are environmental contaminants that disrupt hormonal regulation by mimicking, inhibiting, or modifying endocrine signaling pathways. They can alter receptor activity, hormone synthesis and metabolism, and gene expression.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is early-life exposure to EDCs especially risky for children?\",\"answer\":\"Early-life exposure is concerning because detoxification systems are not fully developed, the blood–brain barrier remains immature, and organs are still differentiating. These factors increase susceptibility to harmful, long-term effects.\"},{\"question\":\"What health outcomes in children have been linked to perinatal and childhood EDC exposure?\",\"answer\":\"The article links EDC exposure to adverse outcomes such as neurodevelopmental delays, reproductive health impairments, obesity, type 2 diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, and an increased risk of certain malignancies.\"}]","Endocrine disruptors and children’s health - Review Article | PDF",1790609084,28]