[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-591967-105":59,"doc-detail-591967-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","enablers-and-barriers-of-online-learning-a-study-of-students-narratives","Enablers and Barriers of Online Learning - A Study of Students’ Narratives","","Since technology entered education delivery, it has reshaped access and equity and accelerated online learning adoption, yet it also introduces challenges that can widen gaps between learners and institutions. This study investigates online learning in the Solomon Islands through students’ narratives from Solomon Islands National University via tok stori, identifying perceived enablers and barriers. Using a sequential mixed-method design and transactional distance and interaction theories, results show that support levels and strategies across administration, academics, and technology determine whether experiences function as enablers or barriers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/enablers-and-barriers-of-online-learning-a-study-of-students-narratives/591967/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/enablers-and-barriers-of-online-learning-a-study-of-students-narratives/591967.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study aim to understand about online learning?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study examines what students perceive as the enablers and barriers of online learning in the Solomon Islands.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It used a sequential mixed-method approach, guided by transactional distance and interaction theories and their extensions.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors determine whether support becomes an enabler or a barrier?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The level and strategies of support in administration, academics, and technology influence whether online learning experiences enable or hinder learners.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591967,1792166590,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Enablers and Barriers of Online Learning: A Study of Students’ Narratives  \nMartin Otto, Shikha Raturi  \nAbstract: Since stepping into education delivery, technology continues to revolutionise education, responding to access and equity. This has made online learning to be the choice for access and equity like never seen before. Unfortunately, it has not only provided solutions but also introduced issues that have created the divide in technology and online learning for learners and institutions. The study explored online learning in the Solomon Islands from students' narratives at the Solomon Islands National University via tok stori; seeking to understand what they perceived as enablers and barriers of online learning. The study employed the sequential mixed-method approach and was guided by the theories of transactional distance and interaction, with the latter's extensions. The findings show that the level and strategies of support in administration, academics, and technology determine what transpires as an enabler or a barrier to online learning.  \nKeywords: online learning, interaction, course design, learner autonomy , learner integration, tok stori  \nHighlights  \nWhat is already known about this topic:  \n● Course design plays a critical role in determining enablers of online learning  \n● Developing the most relevant and appropriate course design is a concern  \n● The lack of digital skills and competence is a barrier to online learning  \n● There is lack of interaction in OL, therefore, not preferred by students What this paper contributes:  \n● Participants highly favoured content presentation in text, video and audio  \n● Course structure emerged as a crucial factor in improving enabling factors in OL  \n● Establishes social integration of students as a contextual phenomenon  \n● Extends tok stori beyond South Pacific  \nImplications for theory, practice and/or policy:  \n● Providers of OL can adopt contextual approaches to course structure  \n● A standard is required to guide the design of online learning that captures local contexts  \n● The delivery of online learning requires to be regulated to respond to local requirements.  \nIntroduction  \nThis study explores the factors that influence students' perspectives on online learning (OL) . OL, a mode of distance education (DE) facilitated by information and communication technology (ICT), has revolutionised the educational landscape. However, challenges exist due to the transactional distance (TD), which encompasses geographical, psychological, and communication distances (Moore, 1993 , 2013) . If not managed properly, these challenges can become barriers and could lead to student withdrawal. At the University of the South Pacific (USP), Pacific Islands (PI) students have demonstrated that technology is a driving force in OL (Johnson et al. , 2021; Reddy et al. , 2022) . However, while technology access may not be an issue, unstable internet, unreliable tools, and lack of basic digital skills (Kolodziejczyk et al. , 2020) remain significant hurdles for students in successfully completing OL programs. Despite these challenges, some of the PI students are eager to engage in OL (Raturi, 2018, 2019; Prasad et al, 2021; Reddy et al, 2022), often due to their long-term access to mobile devices. Course structure is a crucial element in the discussion of enablers and barriers of OL. It constitutes instructional methods, pedagogies, types of technologies, and support as a facilitator of students'satisfaction and improved performance, as highlighted by Kauffman (2015) .  \nLiterature  \nCourse Structure  \nCourse structure plays an overall role in the success of OL. Learners of today’s generation are adjusting with their specific needs, hence, are more in a different perspective in the way they approach their learning. This requires providers and instructors to respond appropriately to the design requirement of learners. It is on this viewpoint, Raturi (2019) highlighted the need to re-desi","cbCaioQKDMxpRB6V","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioQKDMxpRB6V","pdf",626001,26,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Literature\n## Course Structure\n## Social Integration and Social Presence","[{\"question\":\"What does the study aim to understand about online learning?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines what students perceive as the enablers and barriers of online learning in the Solomon Islands.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"It used a sequential mixed-method approach, guided by transactional distance and interaction theories and their extensions.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors determine whether support becomes an enabler or a barrier?\",\"answer\":\"The level and strategies of support in administration, academics, and technology influence whether online learning experiences enable or hinder learners.\"}]","Enablers and Barriers of Online Learning - A Study of Students’ Narratives | PDF",1792073577,66]