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Drawing on psychologist Terrance Peterson, the article explains participation barriers when sites lack perceived safety, social support, fair pay, rest, and secure working conditions. It maps employee motivation to Maslow’s hierarchy—physical, safety, social, esteem, and self-realization—and details practical employer actions to address each level. Wellness planning should match site demands and use employee assistance programs to reach those not yet ready to engage.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/employee-health-fitness-volume-6number-9-september-1984-promoting-wellness-before-basic-needs/570976/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/employee-health-fitness-volume-6number-9-september-1984-promoting-wellness-before-basic-needs/570976.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-20","2026-10-13",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why do employees avoid participating in workplace wellness programs?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Employees tend not to join when their minimum or basic needs—especially safety, social needs, and other lower-order concerns—are not being met at the worksite.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the article use Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to explain wellness participation?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It links program engagement to Maslow’s levels: physical and safety needs first, followed by social needs, then esteem, and finally self-realization through more creative and growth-oriented work.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What can employers do to meet employees’ physical and safety needs?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Employers can create a pleasant working environment, provide adequate salary and rest periods, offer safe working conditions and supervision, and use clear company policies and benefits to reduce safety-related concerns.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"How should wellness programs be designed for different worksites and employee circumstances?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"The program must consider site-specific demands (task, physical, role, and interpersonal) and start with the needs not currently met; it may also coordinate with employee assistance programs (EAPs) to support employees whose lower-order needs are unmet.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},570976,1792438914,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":143,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":148,"read_time":149},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","| Employee  \u003Cbr>Health &FitnesS“  \u003Cbr>The professional update on health promotion programs  \u003Cbr>VOLUME 6/NUMBER 9(pages 105-116)  \u003Cbr>SEPTEMBER 1984   |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Meet basic needs before enc  \u003Cbr>Employers must ensure that employees'  \u003Cbr>basic needs are being met before they  \u003Cbr>can hope to see more employees partici-  \u003Cbr>pate in wellness programs,according to  \u003Cbr>a psychologist.  \u003Cbr>TERRANCE PETERSOM,PhD,Univerasity of  \u003Cbr>Minnesota-St.Cloud,told participants  \u003Cbr>at the Ninth Annual National Wellness  \u003Cbr>Conference at the University of  \u003Cbr>Wisconsin-Stevens Point that employees  \u003Cbr>who feel minimum needs are not being met  \u003Cbr>at the worksite will not participate in  \u003Cbr>a program encouraging them to \"become  \u003Cbr>the best they can be.\"  \u003Cbr>\"Program participation is not at  \u003Cbr>nearly the level we would like to see it  \u003Cbr>in most companies.Programs are consid-  \u003Cbr>ered successes if 15%to 20%of eligible  \u003Cbr>employees participate.But,there has to  \u003Cbr>be a reason why more do not partieipate  \u003Cbr>other than that the other 85%of the  \u003Cbr>employees are lazy,\"he said.  \u003Cbr>Peterson said employees'needs mirror  \u003Cbr>Maslow's hierarchy of needs:physical  \u003Cbr>needs,safety needs,social needs,and  \u003Cbr>need for esteem.With the advent of  \u003Cbr>wellness programs at the workplace,  \u003Cbr>Peterson added another level in the  \u003Cbr>hierarchy of needs:need for self-  \u003Cbr>realization or being all that one can  \u003Cbr>be.  \u003Cbr>Employees won't participate if needs aren't met  \u003Cbr>\"You can't get a person involved in  \u003Cbr>a wellness program if he doesn't think  \u003Cbr>the building where he is working is safe  \u003Cbr>or if he does not feel that his social  \u003Cbr>needs are being met,Peterson says.\"So  \u003Cbr>much of our day is spent at work;that   | ouraging wellness lifestyle  \u003Cbr>is where many of our more basic needs  \u003Cbr>must also be met.\"  \u003Cbr>Physical needs include self-  \u003Cbr>preservation,food,clothing,shelter,  \u003Cbr>and physical touch.Peterson said those  \u003Cbr>needs can be met by making sure a job  \u003Cbr>has a pleasant working environment,  \u003Cbr>adequate salary,rest periods,labor-  \u003Cbr>saving devices,and efficient work  \u003Cbr>methods.  \u003Cbr>Safety needs include security for  \u003Cbr>self and family and avoidance of risks,  \u003Cbr>harm,and pain.Employers can provide  \u003Cbr>safe working conditions,seniority,  \u003Cbr>fringe benefits,proper supervision,  \u003Cbr>and clear company policies to alleviate  \u003Cbr>employee concerns about safety needs.  \u003Cbr>Each person also has social needs,  \u003Cbr>including the need for love,affection,  \u003Cbr>and companionship.In the workplace,  \u003Cbr>employees try to satisfy those needs  \u003Cbr>through opportunities for interaction,a  \u003Cbr>sense of team spirit,and establishing  \u003Cbr>friendships with co-workers,Peterson  \u003Cbr>explained.  \u003Cbr>Build teams to meet social needs  \u003Cbr>By meeting employees'social needs in  \u003Cbr>the workplace,managers are also team  \u003Cbr>building.Make as many employees as   |\n|  | Highlights of this issue:  \u003Cbr>■Companies strive to cut health care costs ...107  \u003Cbr>■Support groups keep excitement high.....109  \u003Cbr>■Reduce stress in seven areas..      .110  \u003Cbr>Evaluating health promotion programs….112   |\n\n\n| possible part of that team,and the  \u003Cbr>workplace will see more results,Peter-  \u003Cbr>son said.  \u003Cbr>To meet their needs for self-esteem,  \u003Cbr>employees look for self-respect,respon-  \u003Cbr>sibility,recognition,and a sense of  \u003Cbr>acoomplishment.Employers can meet those  \u003Cbr>needs by providing status symbols,merit  \u003Cbr>awards,challenging work,and opportun-  \u003Cbr>ity to advance,he said.  \u003Cbr>\"If you believe the statement 'We are  \u003Cbr>our jobs,'then you must see that em-  \u003Cbr>ployees must get something good out of  \u003Cbr>their jobs in order to feel good about  \u003Cbr>themselves,\"he said.\\#Some people get  \u003Cbr>that good feeling through status,be  \u003Cbr>that more money or a title.However,  \u003Cbr>employers must not let those goals for  \u003Cbr>self-esteem become com petitive or the  \u003Cbr>good effect of those rewards is taken  \u003Cbr>away.\"  \u003Cbr>The need ","cbCaib3hyoHvYy9z","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaib3hyoHvYy9z","pdf",4225867,13,"English","# Employers must meet basic needs first\n## Maslow-based barriers to wellness participation\n## Practical steps for physical, safety, social, and esteem needs\n## Considering worksite demands and using EAPs","[{\"question\":\"Why do employees avoid participating in workplace wellness programs?\",\"answer\":\"Employees tend not to join when their minimum or basic needs—especially safety, social needs, and other lower-order concerns—are not being met at the worksite.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article use Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to explain wellness participation?\",\"answer\":\"It links program engagement to Maslow’s levels: physical and safety needs first, followed by social needs, then esteem, and finally self-realization through more creative and growth-oriented work.\"},{\"question\":\"What can employers do to meet employees’ physical and safety needs?\",\"answer\":\"Employers can create a pleasant working environment, provide adequate salary and rest periods, offer safe working conditions and supervision, and use clear company policies and benefits to reduce safety-related concerns.\"},{\"question\":\"How should wellness programs be designed for different worksites and employee circumstances?\",\"answer\":\"The program must consider site-specific demands (task, physical, role, and interpersonal) and start with the needs not currently met; it may also coordinate with employee assistance programs (EAPs) to support employees whose lower-order needs are unmet.\"}]","Employee Health & Fitness - VOLUME 6/NUMBER 9 - September 1984 - Promoting Wellness Before Basic Needs | PDF",1791884141,33]