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Emerging drivers include ambient air pollution and genetic predisposition, alongside rising incidence among women and early-onset cases. By 2035, deaths may reach 3 million annually, requiring strengthened tobacco control, improved air quality, clean cooking promotion, and expanded low-dose CT screening.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/emerging-trends-in-global-lung-cancer-burden-abstract-keywords-and-risk-factor-overview/435810/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/emerging-trends-in-global-lung-cancer-burden-abstract-keywords-and-risk-factor-overview/435810.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"moss~","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What factors are driving the global lung cancer burden despite declines in age-standardized rates?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Population growth, aging, and epidemiological transitions continue to increase absolute case numbers, even where age-standardized incidence and mortality have fallen.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does tobacco smoking contribute, and why is its impact changing across regions?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Tobacco smoking accounts for the largest share of cases globally, but its contribution has declined in high-income regions due to effective tobacco control, while rising smoking prevalence in parts of East and South Asia increases burden.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What emerging risks and disparities are highlighted, and what interventions are proposed?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Ambient air pollution and genetic predisposition are increasingly significant, with sex disparities and early-onset lung cancer concerns. Proposed responses include stronger tobacco control, better air quality, clean cooking fuels, and expanded low-dose CT screening in resource-constrained regions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},435810,1790869249,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":55,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":123,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},962090895452,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Article published online: 2025-08-14  \n409  \nEmerging Trends in Global Lung Cancer Burden  \nLynn Y.-W. Shong, BMed, PhD 1 David C.-L. Lam, MD, PhD2  \n1 Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, HKSAR, China  \n2 Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China  \nSemin Respir Crit Care Med 2025;46:409–418.  \nAddress for correspondence David C. L. Lam, MD, PhD, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, PB323, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China (e-mail: dcllam@hku.hk) .  \nAbstract  \nKeywords  \n► lung cancer  \n► epidemiology  \n► smoking  \n► air pollution  \n► early-onset lung cancer  \n► global cancer trends  \nLung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with its burden shaped by evolving risk factors, demographic changes, and healthcare disparities. Over the past decades, while age-standardized incidence and mortality rates have declined, the absolute number of cases has risen due to population growth and aging. Tobacco smoking remains the most common risk factor, accounting for approximately 60% of cases globally, though its contribution has declined in highincome regions due to effective tobacco control. Conversely, countries with lower socioeconomic development, particularly in East and South Asia, face rising incidence and mortality driven by increasing smoking prevalence, air pollution, and limited access to healthcare. Emerging risk factors, such as ambient air pollution and genetic predisposition, are increasingly significant, particularly in regions with lower Human Development Index scores. Sex disparities are evident, with lung cancer rates declining among men in many high-income countries but rising among women globally. Earlyonset lung cancer is also an emerging concern, especially in middle socio-demographic index regions, driven by smoking, environmental exposures, and genetic factors. By 2035, it is predicted that lung cancer deaths could reach 3 million annually. To address the impact of the growing lung cancer burden, a multifaceted approach is needed, including strengthened tobacco control, improved air quality, promotion of clean cooking fuels, and expanded low-dose computed tomography screening, particularly in resource-constrained regions.  \nLung cancer remains one of the most pressing public health challenges worldwide, accounting for the highest number of cancer-related deaths globally.1 According to GLOBOCAN 2022, an estimated 2.5 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths were attributed to lung cancer ( ►Fig. 1).1–3 While age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASIR and ASMR) have declined in some high-income countries, the absolute number of cases continues to rise due to population growth, aging, and epidemiological transitions—from infec-  \narticle published online August 14, 2025  \nIssue Theme Lung Cancer; Guest Editors: M. Patricia Rivera, MD, and Catherine R. Sears, MD, ATSF  \nDOI [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.1055/a-2651-0612.](10.1055/a-2651-0612.)[ ](10.1055/a-2651-0612.)[ISSN](ISSN 1069-3424.)[ 1069-3424.](ISSN 1069-3424.)  \ntious to noncommunicable diseases.4 Notably, ASIR and ASMR are approximately twice as high in men as in women.2 A review based on data analysis from the Cancer Mortality Database gave a prediction that, by 2035, the annual global number of lung cancer deaths will reach 3 million.5 This predicted increase includes a doubling of deaths in both men (from 1.1 million in 2012 to 2.1 million in 2035) and women (from 0.5 million to 0.9 million), with the twofold sex disparity expected to persist. The most rapid increases are  \n© 2025 . The Author(s) .  \nThis is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work ","cbCaia3HfoCF7nF2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaia3HfoCF7nF2","pdf",923706,"English","# Abstract\n## Keywords\n# Global Trends in Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality","[{\"question\":\"What factors are driving the global lung cancer burden despite declines in age-standardized rates?\",\"answer\":\"Population growth, aging, and epidemiological transitions continue to increase absolute case numbers, even where age-standardized incidence and mortality have fallen.\"},{\"question\":\"How does tobacco smoking contribute, and why is its impact changing across regions?\",\"answer\":\"Tobacco smoking accounts for the largest share of cases globally, but its contribution has declined in high-income regions due to effective tobacco control, while rising smoking prevalence in parts of East and South Asia increases burden.\"},{\"question\":\"What emerging risks and disparities are highlighted, and what interventions are proposed?\",\"answer\":\"Ambient air pollution and genetic predisposition are increasingly significant, with sex disparities and early-onset lung cancer concerns. Proposed responses include stronger tobacco control, better air quality, clean cooking fuels, and expanded low-dose CT screening in resource-constrained regions.\"}]","Emerging Trends in Global Lung Cancer Burden - Abstract, Keywords, and Risk-Factor Overview | PDF",1790675368,25]