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This systematic review evaluates the utility of non-invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing early detection, ongoing disease monitoring, and personalized interventions. Using a systematic literature approach, 45 relevant studies were identified across multiple cancer types, including breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers. The review highlights liquid biopsies, especially circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), as a leading option for accessible and comprehensive genetic and epigenetic information, supporting more accurate subtyping and tailored treatment decisions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/emerging-biomarkers-for-non-invasive-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-cancer-a-systematic-review/331137/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/emerging-biomarkers-for-non-invasive-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-cancer-a-systematic-review/331137.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Oliver","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of this systematic review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To evaluate the utility of non-invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment, including early detection, disease monitoring, and personalized therapeutic interventions.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How many studies were included, and what cancer types are covered?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review identified 45 relevant studies covering multiple cancer types, including breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which non-invasive biomarker method is highlighted as most promising?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Liquid biopsies based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are highlighted as the most promising approach for early, non-invasive cancer detection due to the genetic and epigenetic information they provide from blood samples.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331137,1790457679,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},8796095461610,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","TYPE Systematic Review PUBLISHED 26 July 2024  \nDOI 10.3389/fonc.2024.1405267  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nAbdou Azaque Zoure,  \nInstitut de recherche en sciences de la sante´(IRSS), Burkina Faso  \nREVIEWED BY  \nPrasanth Kumar,  \nSt. Jude Children ’s Research Hospital, United States  \nMuktesh Chandra,  \nMarwadi University, India  \n*CORRESPONDENCE Suleiman Zakari  \n [suleiman.zakaripgs@stu.cu.edu.ng](suleiman.zakaripgs@stu.cu.edu.ng)[ ](suleiman.zakaripgs@stu.cu.edu.ng)Nguedia K. Niels  \n [kaze.nguediapgs@stu.cu.edu.ng](kaze.nguediapgs@stu.cu.edu.ng)[ ](kaze.nguediapgs@stu.cu.edu.ng)Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana  \n banke.ogunlana@ [covenantuniversity.edu.ng](covenantuniversity.edu.ng)  \nRECEIVED 22 March 2024  \nACCEPTED 05 July 2024  \nPUBLISHED 26 July 2024  \nCITATION  \nZakari S, Niels NK, Olagunju GV, Nnaji PC, Ogunniyi O, Tebamifor M, Israel EN, Atawodi SE and Ogunlana OO (2024)  \nEmerging biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of cancer: a systematic review.  \nFront. Oncol. 14:1405267 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1405267  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2024 Zakari, Niels, Olagunju, Nnaji, Ogunniyi, Tebamifor, Israel, Atawodi and Ogunlana. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nEmerging biomarkers for noninvasive diagnosis and treatment of cancer: a systematic review  \nSuleiman Zakari 1,2,3*, Nguedia K. Niels 1,2,4*, Grace V. Olagunju 5, Precious C. Nnaji 1, Oluwabusayo Ogunniyi1, Mercy Tebamifor1,2, Emmanuel N. Israel 1,2, Sunday E. Atawodi 6 and Olubanke Olujoke Ogunlana 1,2*  \n1 Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, 2Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication-Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria, 3 Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences Otukpo, Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria,  \n4 Biotechnology Centre, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon, 5 Department of Molecular Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States, 6 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Lokoja, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria  \nCancer remains a global health challenge, necessitating continuous advancements in diagnostic and treatment strategies. This review focuses on the utility of non-invasive biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and treatment, their role in early detection, disease monitoring, and personalized therapeutic interventions. Through a systematic review of the literature, we identified 45 relevant studies that highlight the potential of these biomarkers across various cancer types, such as breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers. The noninvasive biomarkers discussed include liquid biopsies, epigenetic markers, noncoding RNAs, exosomal cargo, and metabolites . Notably, liquid biopsies, particularly those based on circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), have emerged asthe most promising method for early, non-invasive cancer detection due to their ability to provide comprehensive genetic and epigenetic information from easily accessible blood samples. This review demonstrates how non-invasive biomarkers can facilitate early cancer detection, accurate subtyping, and tailored treatment strategies, thereby improving patient outcomes. It underscores the transformative potential of non-invasive biomarkers in oncology, highlighting their application for enhancing early detection, survival rates, and treatment precision in cancer care.  \nSystematic review registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_](https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_)[record.","cbCaihoDgllFgvJf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihoDgllFgvJf","pdf",3031895,18,"English","# Introduction\n## Non-invasive biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and treatment","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this systematic review?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the utility of non-invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment, including early detection, disease monitoring, and personalized therapeutic interventions.\"},{\"question\":\"How many studies were included, and what cancer types are covered?\",\"answer\":\"The review identified 45 relevant studies covering multiple cancer types, including breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers.\"},{\"question\":\"Which non-invasive biomarker method is highlighted as most promising?\",\"answer\":\"Liquid biopsies based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are highlighted as the most promising approach for early, non-invasive cancer detection due to the genetic and epigenetic information they provide from blood samples.\"}]","Emerging biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of cancer - a systematic review | PDF",1789991920,45]