[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-434669-105":59,"doc-detail-434669-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","emergency-radiology-in-displaced-populations-imaging-and-practical-challenges","Emergency radiology in displaced populations: imaging and practical challenges","","Migrants and refugees often rely on emergency departments as their main access to care, driving a marked rise in emergency radiological imaging. Risk factors including low vaccination coverage, poor hygiene, malnutrition, and limited self-care elevate infectious disease vulnerability, with tuberculosis becoming increasingly prevalent and frequently visible to radiologists. Cystic echinococcosis is also more common among refugees and migrants from the Middle East and Afghanistan, requiring liver and lung differential considerations. Emergency radiology further faces high rates of both intentional and unintentional trauma, alongside communication, social security, and psychological barriers for clinicians.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/emergency-radiology-in-displaced-populations-imaging-and-practical-challenges/434669/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/emergency-radiology-in-displaced-populations-imaging-and-practical-challenges/434669.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Bintang","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why do migrants and refugees have higher emergency radiological imaging demands?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They frequently use emergency departments as their primary source of care, increasing imaging workload and the volume of radiological evaluations.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which infectious diseases are highlighted as common in displaced populations?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Tuberculosis is increasingly observed among refugee populations, and cystic echinococcosis is more common among refugees and migrants from the Middle East and Afghanistan.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What practical challenges do emergency radiology clinicians face with migrant patients?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Clinicians often encounter communication barriers, social security problems, and psychological distress when managing migrant and refugee patients.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},434669,1790718488,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},962085564381,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Copyright @ 2026 Author(s) -[Available online at dirjournal.org](Available online at dirjournal.org). Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.  \nREVIEW ARTICLE  \nEmergency radiology in displaced populations: imaging and practical challenges  \nVefa Çakmak1  \n Pınar Çakmak1  \n Duygu Herek1  \n Sonay Aydın2  \n1Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Denizli, Türkiye  \n2Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Erzincan, Türkiye  \nCorresponding author: Vefa Çakmak  \n[E-mail:](E-mail: vefacakm1408@gmail.com)[ vefacakm1408@gmail.com](E-mail: vefacakm1408@gmail.com)  \nReceived 27 February 2025; revision requested 21 March 2025; last revision received 10 June 2025; accepted 21 July 2025.  \nEpub: 18.08.2025  \nPublication date: 02.01.2026  \nDOI: 10.4274/dir.2025.253297  \nABSTRACT  \nMigrants and refugees tend to use emergency departments as their primary source of care, leading to a substantial increase in emergency radiological imaging. Migrants and refugees have risk factors, such as low vaccination rates, poor hygiene, malnutrition, and inadequate self-care, which increase their risk of contracting infectious diseases. For example, the prevalence of tuberculosis among refugee populations in host countries is increasing, and imaging findings related to tuberculosis are frequently observed by radiologists. Strengthening screening programs in host countries for tuberculosis and other infectious diseases among migrant populations can help mitigate the risk of transmission within migrant communities. Another condition, cystic echinococcosis, is more common among refugees and migrants from the Middle East and Afghanistan. For radiologists working in host countries, echinococcosis involving the liver and lungs should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Both intentional (e.g., violence, assault) and unintentional (e.g., workplace injuries, accidents) traumas are frequently encountered in emergency radiology, particularly among refugees and immigrants. Workplace injuries are four times more common among migrants and refugees than among the local population due to their work in high-risk industries, such as construction and heavy industry, and emergency radiology frequently encounters radiological findings of organ injuries due to falls from height. In addition, healthcare professionals in emergency radiology face various challenges when dealing with migrant and refugee patients, such as communication barriers, social security problems, and psychological distress.  \nKEYWORDS  \nRefugee, migrant, emergency radiology, tuberculosis, echinococcosis, firearm injury, computed tomography  \nDue to wars and economic hardships in the Middle East, Asia, and Africa, the number of  \nmigrants and refugees in developed countries, such as European Union (EU) countries  \nand the United States (US), is high. Most frequently, it is the emergency departments of hospitals that migrants and refugees use to receive healthcare services. There is a rise in emergency imaging due to an increased workload in emergency departments, the higher incidence of infections not common in host countries, and the greater number of occupational injuries and forensic cases.1 This increased workload, combined with incomplete patient histories, may result in delayed reporting by emergency radiologists, as well as inaccurate or incomplete interpretations. The aim of this study is to review the radiological findings of diseases whose incidence is expected to rise in host countries due to increased migration.  \nNotable data on migration  \nWord choice is important in migration-related contexts. Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, often across an international border, regardless of the reason. An immigrant is a person who comes to live permanently in another country to improve their material and social situation. Due to ","cbCaitzUhdCX7xbJ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitzUhdCX7xbJ","pdf",2845347,"English","# Abstract\n# Key Points and Rationale\n## Notable Data on Migration\n## Emergency Service Admissions and Imaging Increase","[{\"question\":\"Why do migrants and refugees have higher emergency radiological imaging demands?\",\"answer\":\"They frequently use emergency departments as their primary source of care, increasing imaging workload and the volume of radiological evaluations.\"},{\"question\":\"Which infectious diseases are highlighted as common in displaced populations?\",\"answer\":\"Tuberculosis is increasingly observed among refugee populations, and cystic echinococcosis is more common among refugees and migrants from the Middle East and Afghanistan.\"},{\"question\":\"What practical challenges do emergency radiology clinicians face with migrant patients?\",\"answer\":\"Clinicians often encounter communication barriers, social security problems, and psychological distress when managing migrant and refugee patients.\"}]","Emergency radiology in displaced populations: imaging and practical challenges | PDF",1790670176]