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It examines ego as a barrier in the process of acquiring English as a foreign and second language within a socio-cultural context, particularly in Pakistan. The study argues that children tend to be more successful L2 learners, reproducing construction processes from their L1 with greater openness to novel utterances, while adult learning slows after critical-age and puberty boundaries.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/ego-is-a-hurdle-in-second-language-learning-a-contrastive-study-between-adults-and-children/589550/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/ego-is-a-hurdle-in-second-language-learning-a-contrastive-study-between-adults-and-children/589550.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Terk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does language ego affect adult second language learning?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The paper explains that language ego hinders adults from learning a second language properly, making the learning process comparatively slower.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does the study claim children are more successful L2 learners?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It argues that children are less constrained by ego and shyness, can reproduce construction processes similarly to their L1 learning, and are more willing to make mistakes while learning new utterances.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What role do the critical period and puberty period play in learning?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The paper links slower adult learning to crossing the critical period and reaching the boundary of puberty, referencing the critical period hypothesis and its implications for qualitative differences after puberty.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},589550,1792667672,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":19,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":29},1099525198933,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Advances in Language and Literary Studies ISSN: 2203-4714  \nVol. 6 No. 6; December 2015  \n Australian International Academic Centre, Australia  \n|  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  |\n| Flourishing Creativity & Literacy |  |  |\n\nEgo is a Hurdle in Second Language Learning: A Contrastive Study between Adults and Children  \nShumaila Abdullah  \nDepartment of English Literature & Linguistics  \nUniversity of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan  \nE-mail: [Shumaila_abdullah914@yahoo.com](Shumaila_abdullah914@yahoo.com)  \nJaved Akhter (Corresponding author)  \nDepartment of English Literature & linguistics  \nUniversity of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan  \nE-mail: [sangatjavedakhtar@gmail.com](sangatjavedakhtar@gmail.com)  \nDoi:10 .7575/aiac.alls.v.6n.6p.170  \nURL: [http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.6n.6p.170](http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.6n.6p.170)  \nReceived: 22/07/2015  \nAccepted: 30/09/2015  \nAbstract  \nThe aim of this research paper is to find out by comparing and contrasting between the adults and children in second language learning process how language ego of adult learners affects them to learn second language, and how it becomes a barrier for them in second language learning process. Nowadays learning English as foreign and second language is one of the most dominant socio-cultural requirements of people for seeking employment, foreign tour, business, education and other basic communicative purposes. Therefore, English as foreign and second language is definitely necessary for everybody because it is one of the most urgent socio-cultural pre-requisites of the Post-modern era. It is commonly observed during teaching and learning English as a foreign language in Pakistan, that language ego hinders the adults to learn it properly. Therefore, children are more successful L2 learners than the adults are. Children learning L2 use to reproduce construction process just as they do in their L1 learning and they have the ability tocognize and reproduce new and novel utterances. The compare and contrast between adult and child second language learner will be highlighted in this research paper, which may be helpful for teachers, researchers and scholars on the subject.  \nKeywords: Second Language Learning Process, Adult Learner, Child Learner, Language Ego, Critical Period and Puberty Period  \n1. Introduction  \nThe Importance of a language as the only source of communication cannot be denied in any human society of the world. Pakistan is a multilingual country where Urdu language is a lingua franca. It is not only spoken language in Pakistan but also a medium of education. In addition, a large number of people cannot communicate in Urdu language or even understand it in the various regions of the country. There are about 72 national languages spoken in the different areas of Pakistan. English language has been a constitutional language of Pakistan since 1971. It is also official language and medium of education and instruction. It is frequently used in educational institutions as a medium of instruction and offices as an official language. Therefore, English language has its own importance as an international language in this regard. Moreover, learning of English language is actually a need and demand of time.  \nHowever, English has been learned as second or foreign language in Pakistan. Nevertheless, Learning of English as second or foreign language is by no means an easy task but it is very complex process in multilingual country as Pakistan. However, it is commonly observed that a child is more successful L2 learner as compare to an adult. He is not only successful in learning a second language but also third or more and this ratio decreases with the age, as after 12 years of age to which the linguists terms critical age, the learning becomes slow because of ego. In the learning process, a school or English language classroom plays a vital role where facilitators encourage a child at every step to boost up his self-confidence. ","cbCainigBWP4wb69","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainigBWP4wb69","pdf",144971,"English","# Abstract\n# 1. Introduction\n## Language ego and learner success\n## Critical period and puberty effects","[{\"question\":\"How does language ego affect adult second language learning?\",\"answer\":\"The paper explains that language ego hinders adults from learning a second language properly, making the learning process comparatively slower.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the study claim children are more successful L2 learners?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that children are less constrained by ego and shyness, can reproduce construction processes similarly to their L1 learning, and are more willing to make mistakes while learning new utterances.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do the critical period and puberty period play in learning?\",\"answer\":\"The paper links slower adult learning to crossing the critical period and reaching the boundary of puberty, referencing the critical period hypothesis and its implications for qualitative differences after puberty.\"}]","Ego is a Hurdle in Second Language Learning: A Contrastive Study between Adults and Children | PDF",1792067602]