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A total of 250 Indonesian secondary-school EFL students participated, studying English with critical media literacy embedded in lessons. Findings highlight key factors for designing effective forums and clarify how instructor involvement shapes engagement and learning outcomes. 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L. (2023). EFL students’ participations and teachers’ roles in online discussion forum for critical media literacy learning. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(2), ep414 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/12965](https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/12965)  \nARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  \n\n| Received: 4 Nov 2022\u003Cbr>Accepted: 6 Feb 2023 | The global expansion in the Internet access and the rise of digital media are compatible with students’ characteristics as generations-Z who mainly engage in nature through mobile applications. Because of the characteristics of today’s students and the growth of digital media and information, there is a need for critical media literacy (CML) instructions and the use of digital-based and student-centered learning approaches such as online discussion forums (ODFs) . Through an exploratory study, we aim to understand better students’ perceptions of ODF for their CML learning within EFL classes, factors affecting students’ active participation in ODF, and teachers’ roles in ODF while facilitating students’ CML learning in an EFL context and enhancing students’ engagement and performance in ODF. 250 EFL students from Indonesian secondary schools took part in this study. The participating students were studying English with CML embedded into the lessons. The research showed significant conclusions about factors that need to consider while having ODF in CML learning within the EFL context and the roles of teachers in ODF. We have also provided some practical and feasible suggestions from which practitioners in the area might benefit.\u003Cbr>Keywords: critical media literacy, digital literacy, EFL classes, students’ perception, teachers’perception, online discussion forum |\n| --- | --- |\n| INTRODUCTION |  |\n\nThe global expansion of the Internet access and digital media equates to students’ features as generationsZ who are notably involved in nature via mobile applications. Furthermore, since digital media has become the primary source of everyday knowledge (Mailizar et al., 2022), students access and analyze relevant information and sources to enhance and widen their learning process. With the abundance of information available on the Internet and students’ lack of critical media literacy (CML) skills (Lim & Tan, 2020), they can be easily misled by misleading information and hoaxes (Mukhtar & Putri, 2021; Tagg & Seargeant, 2019) . Therefore, there is an urgent need to include technology in classroom instruction, integrate CML instructions, and meticulously select appropriate applications, particularly for CML instruction (Afrilyasanti et al., 2022) .  \nBased on the nature of CML learning, which involves media selection, information understanding and analysis, and media production (Afrilyasanti et al., 2022; Akinbadewa & Sofowora, 2020; McAnulty, 2020),  \nThis study is part of the PhD project of the first author.  \ndiscussions become effective learning activities for strengthening students’ CML skills. In these digital environments, online discussion forums (ODFs) have been widely used to improve in-class learning for their potential to enable teachers to expand their language lessons and enhance face-to-face interactions (Balaji & Chakrabarti, 2010; Chen & Looi, 2007; Nielsen, 2013; Sari, 2020) . Furthermore, ODF has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for developi","cbCaiaaeULHS7DJ7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaaeULHS7DJ7","pdf",470508,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Critical media literacy needs in digital learning\n## Role of online discussion forums in EFL\n## Teacher participation and facilitation challenges\n## Factors influencing students’ active engagement","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of the study regarding online discussion forums?\",\"answer\":\"To understand EFL students’ perceptions of online discussion forums for critical media literacy learning, identify factors that affect active participation, and examine teachers’ roles in facilitating learning and engagement.\"},{\"question\":\"How many students participated, and what was their learning context?\",\"answer\":\"The study involved 250 EFL students from Indonesian secondary schools, studying English with critical media literacy embedded into the lessons.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges are noted for using online discussion forums in critical media literacy learning?\",\"answer\":\"Challenges include teacher participation, such as whether teachers should direct discussions or observe students’ involvement and interactions within forum panels.\"}]","EFL students’ participations and teachers’ roles in online discussion forum for critical media literacy learning | PDF",43]