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A multi-stage sampling approach selected Gujranwala division, then 176 secondary schools from Narowal, Gujranwala, and Sialkot, and finally 532 SSTs. A quantitative survey design used two questionnaires: FOCI for principals’ conflict management styles and TPES for teachers’ job performance, analyzed with MS Excel 2010 and SPSS 24 using t-test, ANOVA, and regression. Results indicate strong correlation between leadership styles and job performance, with integrating and obliging styles improving performance while avoiding, compromising, and dominating reduce it, recommending principal training and further validation via mixed methods.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/effects-of-school-principals-conflict-management-styles-on-teachers-job-performance/596366/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/effects-of-school-principals-conflict-management-styles-on-teachers-job-performance/596366.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alexandar","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main objective of the research?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To examine the effects of school principals’ conflict management styles on teachers’ job performance.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the study population selected?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Public sector secondary schools in Punjab were selected using multi-stage sampling: first Gujranwala division, then 176 schools from Narowal, Gujranwala, and Sialkot, and finally 532 SSTs from those schools.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which conflict management styles were found to improve teachers’ job performance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Integrating and obliging styles had a positive effect on teachers’ job performance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},596366,1792166631,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36},962090768658,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Effects of School Principals’ Conflict Management Styles on Teachers’ Job Performance  \nMuhammad Tahir Khan Farooqi* Shafqat Ali** and Shehzad Ahmed ***  \nAbstract  \nThe basic aim of the research at hand was to investigate the effects of conflict management styles of school principals on teachers’ job performance. To meet the major objective of the study, the targeted population was comprised of public sector secondary schools in the Punjab province. Asthe population was most scattered so the researchers used multi-stage sampling techniques to approach the whole population. At the 1st stage Gujranwala division was randomly selected through simple random sampling technique. At the 2nd stage, 176 secondary schools from three districts viz. Narowal, Gujranwala, and Sialkot were selected randomly. Among these 176 schools, 100 were male and 76 were female secondary schools. At the 3rd stage, 532 SSTs were randomly selected from the respective schools. It was a quantitative study and a survey technique was used to conduct it. The researchers used two questionnaires namely, FOCI for measuring school principals’ styles of managing conflicts and TPES for measuring their respective teachers’ job performance. Using MS Excel 2010 and SPSS version 24, statistical procedures (t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis) were applied to analyze and interpret the data. It was determined that there was a strong correlation between teachers' job performance and the conflict management styles used by school leaders. Moreover, in conflict management styles, integrating and obliging styles had a positive effect whereas avoiding, compromising and dominating styles negatively effects teachers’ job performance. The researchers have recommended that mix method research may be applied to validate the results of the study. Beyond further research, it is suggested that school Principals should be trained for better conflict management.  \nKeywords: Conflict, Conflict Management Styles, Teachers’ Job Performance  \n* Associate Professor (Education) University of Okara. Email: [drtahirfarooqi@uo.edu.pk](drtahirfarooqi@uo.edu.pk)  \n** M.Phil Scholar University of Okara. Email: [shafqat.ar5001@gmail.com](shafqat.ar5001@gmail.com)  \n*** Assistant Professor (Education) University of Okara. Email: [shazy91@yahoo.com](shazy91@yahoo.com)  \nBackground of the Study:  \nThere will always be conflict in any institution (Farooqi, 2011) . It is a social issue involving two or more people, families, or communities. As Rahim (2000) defined it as a collaborative state established in unsuitability, difference, or variance within or between social objects. From the literature, it is proven that it is an unavoidable factor in any organization as it poses great management challenges (Adomi &Anie, 2006) . Carter and Phillips (2017) called it a double-edged weapon as it has both negative and positive impact on the performance of workers and organizations. It can waste an organization’s resources, time, and energy, if not handled timely and wisely. On the other hand, it makes room for creativity and innovation if it is managed effectively (Shih & Susanto, 2010).  \nSchool is a social organization where individuals learn social adjustment. But conflicts are also a routine matter there (Catana, 2015) . These conflicts can be of three types: teacher-student conflict, teacher-teacher conflict, and teacher-head teacher conflict. It all depends upon school norms (Johnson & Johnson 2006) . Conflict is good if it is managed timely otherwise it is damaging to a school’s performance (Onsarigo, 2007) . Summing up the concept of conflict, it is revealed that managing conflict is better than avoiding as it is good for making progress, growth and development (Din, Khan & Bibi, 2011) . It cannot be eliminated but its’ intensity may be minimized by careful resolution of interpersonal and intrapersonal conflict. Here, the question arises how conflicts can be minimized and managed for organizational growt","cbCaivlaHOuyH0Yd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivlaHOuyH0Yd","pdf",405584,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Background of the Study\n## Conflict in Educational Institutions\n## Definition, Types, and Importance of Conflict\n# Conflict Management Styles\n## Self- and Other-Centeredness\n## Key Styles: Integrating, Obliging, Dominating, Avoiding, Compromising","[{\"question\":\"What was the main objective of the research?\",\"answer\":\"To examine the effects of school principals’ conflict management styles on teachers’ job performance.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study population selected?\",\"answer\":\"Public sector secondary schools in Punjab were selected using multi-stage sampling: first Gujranwala division, then 176 schools from Narowal, Gujranwala, and Sialkot, and finally 532 SSTs from those schools.\"},{\"question\":\"Which conflict management styles were found to improve teachers’ job performance?\",\"answer\":\"Integrating and obliging styles had a positive effect on teachers’ job performance.\"}]","Effects of School Principals’ Conflict Management Styles on Teachers’ Job Performance | PDF",1792082947]