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Results indicate strengths in achieving consensus among diverse experts, while weaknesses center on the method’s tedious and time-consuming nature, with recommendations to extend time between rounds.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/effectiveness-of-the-delphi-technique-as-an-educational-planning-tool-read-online-free/603071/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/effectiveness-of-the-delphi-technique-as-an-educational-planning-tool-read-online-free/603071.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"MrHarris58","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the purpose of using the Delphi Technique in educational planning?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The Delphi Technique is used to gather expert input and reach consensus on future or planning-related priorities through iterative questionnaires.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How did the study evaluate the Delphi Technique’s effectiveness?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The authors analyzed responses from sixty-two pre-service school administrators by coding categories and identifying major themes to answer the research questions.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What strengths and limitations did participants identify?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Participants agreed the Delphi Technique effectively sought consensus among diverse experts. 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CHAN  \nKennesaw State University, U.S.A.  \nABSTRACT  \nThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Delphi Technique as an educational planning tool. The authors investigated the perceptions of sixty-two pre-service school administrators who would most likely use the Delphi Technique for educational planning purposes. They were invited to participate in an actual Delphi Technique implementation process before they were asked to provide their responses to the research survey questions. Data collected in the study were carefully examined by coding category and identification of major themes to answer the research questions. Thefindings ofthe study have indicated the major strengths and weaknesses of the Delphi Technique. Most research participants agreed that Delphi Technique effectively sought consensus among diverse experts. The limitation of the technique was identified to be tedious and time-consuming. The research participants also recommended to improve Delphi Technique by allowing longer lapse of time between rounds of survey. However, they clarified that Delphi Technique did not fit all educational planning situations. The technique works best in planning situations of seeking for prioritization of possible options.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nDelphi Technique is a process in which a group of experts are invited to determine the future demands of business. It is designed as an approach to reach a consensus among experts about business plans or priorities. In the Delphi technique, a panel of experts are selected on the basis of their knowledge of the general business plans of the organization. As indicated by the Icfai Business School (2022), the main objective of the Delphi technique is to predict future developments in an identified area by incorporating the independent expert opinions. This process would avoid face-to-face criticism in group discussions among the experts.  \nThis article started with a brief review of significant literature on the Delphi Technique, highlighting the areas of the orientation, application and evaluation of the technique. Based on the literature review, the major research question and sub-questions were developed for the study on the effectiveness of the Delphi Technique as an educational planning tool according to the perceptions of pre-service school administrators. Then, the methodology of the study was fully described followed by a report of the major findings as a result of the analysis of the responses from the pre-service school administrators. The findings of the study were discussed with reference to thereviewed literature. The implications of the findings for educational planning processes were also noted. This article concludes by recommending directions for future research on Delphi Technique as an educational planning tool.  \nEducational Planning | Winter 2023 43 Vol. 30, No. 1  \nREVIEW OF LITERATURE  \nLiterature written on Delphi Technique is enormous. It covers from introduction to origin, design, modification, utilization, advantages and disadvantages. Some of them take a theoretical approach to discuss the use of the technique while others include empirical studies to verify the outcomes of the technique. For this study, the literature review in this article is focused on the orientation, application and critique of the Delphi Technique as a planning tool.  \nThe Orientation of the Delphi Technique  \nThe Delphi Technique is a planning approach widely used for gathering data from a group of experts with diverse opinions. It is a group communication process aiming to converge opinions on a specific issue. The Delphi process has been used in various planning fields, such as human needs, curriculum issues, resource allocation, etc. (Icfai Business School, 2022) . As Hsu and Sandford (2007) described,“The Delphi technique is well suited as a method for consensus-building by using a serie","cbCaialDuJRmqSEd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaialDuJRmqSEd","pdf",168206,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Review of Literature\n## The Orientation of the Delphi Technique\n## The Application of the Delphi Technique","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of using the Delphi Technique in educational planning?\",\"answer\":\"The Delphi Technique is used to gather expert input and reach consensus on future or planning-related priorities through iterative questionnaires.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the study evaluate the Delphi Technique’s effectiveness?\",\"answer\":\"The authors analyzed responses from sixty-two pre-service school administrators by coding categories and identifying major themes to answer the research questions.\"},{\"question\":\"What strengths and limitations did participants identify?\",\"answer\":\"Participants agreed the Delphi Technique effectively sought consensus among diverse experts. The main limitation was that it is tedious and time-consuming.\"}]","EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DELPHI TECHNIQUE AS AN EDUCATIONAL PLANNING TOOL - read online free | PDF",1792095664,38]