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This study investigated serum iron tests, hepcidin, and PBMC cellular iron import/export gene expression in ultramarathon runners to clarify links between systemic inflammation and iron metabolism. Sixteen amateur runners provided blood samples before, immediately after, and 24 h after the race. Results showed race-associated inflammation increased hepcidin while key iron transporters were downregulated.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/effect-of-ultramarathon-running-on-iron-metabolism-research-report-english-abstract/436529/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/effect-of-ultramarathon-running-on-iron-metabolism-research-report-english-abstract/436529.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Damian","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the study’s primary aim?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine serum iron-related tests, hepcidin levels, and PBMC cellular iron import/export activities in ultramarathon runners and clarify their association with systemic inflammation response.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were participants and blood sampling scheduled?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Sixteen amateur runners were enrolled, with blood samples collected 1 week before, immediately after, and 24 hours after the ultramarathon.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What key changes occurred in iron indices and hepcidin after the race?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Serum iron concentrations and transferrin saturation decreased immediately and recovered at 24 hours, while ferritin increased after the race. Elevated interleukin-6 corresponded with increased plasma hepcidin levels.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},436529,1791125262,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},137451208677,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","J Chin MedAssoc  \nOriginal article  \nEffect of ultramarathon running on iron metabolism  \nLi-Hua Lia,b, Sen-Kuang Houc,d, Chung-Ting Chene,f, Yuan-I Changg, Wei-Fong Kaoc,d, Yu-Hui Chiuc,h,i, Chi-Chang Juang,*, Chorng-Kuang Howe,f,j,*  \naDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; bPh.D. Program of Medical Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; cDepartment of Emergency, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; dDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; eEmergency Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; fDepartment of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; gInstitute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; hDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; iDepartment of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC; jKinmen Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kinmen, Taiwan, ROC  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Iron is a vital trace element for energy production and oxygen transportation; importantly, it is essential to athletic performance. Maintaining iron balance is tightly controlled at systemic and cellular levels. This study aimed to determine serum iron tests, hepcidin levels, and cellular iron import and export activities in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in ultramarathon runners to elucidate the association of systemic inflammation response and iron metabolism.  \nMethods: Sixteen amateur runners were enrolled. Blood samples were taken 1 week before, immediately, and 24 h after the run. Plasma hepcidin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of divalent metal iron transporter 1 (DMT1), ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 (ZIP14), transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), and ferroportin (FPN) in PBMCs were measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.  \nResults: Serum iron concentrations and transferrin saturation significantly decreased immediately after the race and dramatically recovered 24 h post-race. Serum ferritin levels had a statistically significant rise immediately after the race and remained high 24 h after the completion of the race. Ultramarathons were associated with increased plasma interleukin-6 concentrations corresponding to the state of severe systemic inflammation and therefore boosted plasma hepcidin levels. The expression levels of DMT1 and FPN mRNA were markedly decreased immediately and 24 h after the race. The ZIP14 and TfR1 mRNA expression in PBMCs significantly decreased immediately after the race and returned to the baseline level at 24 h post-race. Positive significant correlations were observed between plasma hepcidin and ferritin levels.  \nConclusion: Iron homeostasis and systemic inflammatory response are closely interconnected. Cellular iron import and export mRNA activities in PBMCs were acutely inhibited during an ultramarathon.  \nKeywords: Exercise; Hepcidin; Inflammation; Iron metabolism; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Ultramarathon  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nIron is a trace element needed in our body to perform many physiological processes, such as oxygen transport and energy production; importantly, it is essential to athletic performance.1 Exercise  \n* Address correspondence. Dr. Chorng-Kuang How, Emergency Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Section 2, Shi-Pai Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan, [ROC. E-mail address: ckhow@vghtpe.gov.tw](ROC. E-mail address: ckhow@vghtpe.gov.tw) (C.-K. How); Prof. ChiChang Juan, Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, Section 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan, ROC. [E-mail address: ccjuan@nycu.edu.tw](E-mail address: ccjuan@nycu.e","cbCaipaBGc4ojxfi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipaBGc4ojxfi","pdf",710135,"English","# Introduction\n# Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s primary aim?\",\"answer\":\"To determine serum iron-related tests, hepcidin levels, and PBMC cellular iron import/export activities in ultramarathon runners and clarify their association with systemic inflammation response.\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants and blood sampling scheduled?\",\"answer\":\"Sixteen amateur runners were enrolled, with blood samples collected 1 week before, immediately after, and 24 hours after the ultramarathon.\"},{\"question\":\"What key changes occurred in iron indices and hepcidin after the race?\",\"answer\":\"Serum iron concentrations and transferrin saturation decreased immediately and recovered at 24 hours, while ferritin increased after the race. Elevated interleukin-6 corresponded with increased plasma hepcidin levels.\"}]","Effect of ultramarathon running on iron metabolism - Research report - English abstract | PDF",1790678298]