[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-661331-105":59,"doc-detail-661331-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","effect-of-pistachio-husk-waste-powder-additive-of-epoxy-composites-abstract","Effect of Pistachio Husk Waste Powder Additive of Epoxy Composites - Abstract","","Polymer composites are valued for mechanical flexibility while also behaving as electrical insulators, and are increasingly targeted for environmentally oriented applications. This study formulates epoxy resin-based composites using Ashuri pistachio husks powder as a filler with different weight percentages (0.5%–2.5%, average diameter 200 µm). Glass transition temperature (Tg), Shore hardness, and thermal conductivity (K) are measured. Results indicate Tg and hardness rise with husk loading, while K declines, with Tg reaching 88 °C and Shore A 78.5 at 2.5% filler.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/effect-of-pistachio-husk-waste-powder-additive-of-epoxy-composites-abstract/661331/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/effect-of-pistachio-husk-waste-powder-additive-of-epoxy-composites-abstract/661331.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"vwvw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What materials and filler concentrations were used to prepare the epoxy composites?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Epoxy resin was used as the matrix, while Ashuri pistachio husks powder served as the filler at weight percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which properties were tested in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study measured glass transition temperature (Tg), Shore hardness, and thermal conductivity (K) for the different composite formulations.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How did pistachio husk loading affect thermal conductivity and hardness?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"As pistachio husk powder concentration increased, Shore hardness increased and thermal conductivity decreased, with the maximum hardness and minimum K reported at 2.5% filler.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},661331,1793163469,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143},3985747874149,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/3a001161165b4dc3d9e?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1790129441039064114","Pak. j. sci. ind. res. Ser. A: phy. sci. 2023 66A(3) 249-254  \nEffect of Pistachio Husk Waste Powder Additive of Epoxy Composites  \nRihab Nassr Fadhil* and Shatha H. Mahdi  \nDepartment of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science/Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq  \n(received July 28, 2022; revised October 12, 2022; accepted October 19, 2022)  \nAbstract. Polymer composites are among the most insulating, but they have good mechanical flexibility. The main idea of modifying these materials is to be one of the application materials in environmental aspects. In this study, polymeric composites material were prepared from epoxy resin (EP) as a matrix and Ashuri pistachio husks powder from northern Iraq (hw) with the average diameter (200 µm) as fillers with different weight percentage (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%) to resin. Glass transition temperature (Tg), shore a hardness and thermal conductivity (K) testing were investigated. The results show the maximum (Tg) of (EP/ hw) composites were the value (88 °C) at (2.5% hw). Increase shore a hardness with pistachio husk powder concentration increase and it has maximum values of (78.5) for (2.5% hw) . (K) decreases with pistachio husk powder concentration increase and it has a minimal value of (0.1673) for (2.5% hw) . This compound can be used to paint wooden furniture.  \nKeywords: epoxy, hardness, composites, thermal conductivity, Tg  \nIntroduction  \nPistachio husks are produced in large quantities. Tons of pistachio husks are either burned after harvest or left in the field every year. Particular attention has not been paid to using agricultural residue as raw materials in polymer composite industries. Therefore, the usage of pistachio husks as filler in polymer composites is very important from an economical and environmental viewpoint. Uses of pistachio shells include a medium for orchids, animal feed, fire starter, additives for wood items, etc. Fabrication of polymer composites with this filler is suitable for many engineering applications (Alsaadi et al., 2018; Maghsoudi et al., 2010) .  \nInterest in composite materials has increased in recent years as an engineering material due to their unique properties. This interest has been prominently embodied in the field of construction uses that require: lightweight and high resistance (Jaafar and Fadhil, 2017) . A composite material is a substance consisting of two or more materials, insoluble in one another, which are combined to form a useful engineering material possessing certain properties not possessed by the constituents (Callister, 2006). A polymer composite has taken great attention among researchers both  \nthermoplastic and thermo-setting. Epoxy resins are rigid and brittle in nature; it has chemical resistance and high *Author for correspondence;  \nE-mail: [rihab.n@ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq](rihab.n@ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq)  \nmechanical strength (Mahdi et al., 2020; Shawky et al., 2011) . The light weight of polymers, as well as their resistance to rust, makes them suitable for work in many industries and to Strengthen the polymer, which maybe little expensive, low-cost fillers are used that are added to the polymer to manufacture composites with commercial uses (Fadhil et al., 2019) . Epoxy resin isone of the most important polymers widely used in industries due to its properties that it has such as high thermal stability and resistance to chemicals as well as its low shrinkage (Jasim et al., 2019). Many researchers have used epoxy as a basis in the manufacture of composites and different fillers are added to it according to the purpose for which the composite is made. In 2016, Jassim reported the used white eggshells powder as filler and found there is an effect of the filler in improving the increases the impact strength and high resistance to water. In 2017, the researcher Jaafar and Fadhil used aluminum powder as filler; they found that there is an effect of the filler in improving the mechanical","cbCaifYyOPICJkeh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifYyOPICJkeh","pdf",85220,"English","# Introduction\n# Material and Methods\n## Reinforcement materials\n## Hand lay-up molding\n## Test devices\n## Hardness test","[{\"question\":\"What materials and filler concentrations were used to prepare the epoxy composites?\",\"answer\":\"Epoxy resin was used as the matrix, while Ashuri pistachio husks powder served as the filler at weight percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%.\"},{\"question\":\"Which properties were tested in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study measured glass transition temperature (Tg), Shore hardness, and thermal conductivity (K) for the different composite formulations.\"},{\"question\":\"How did pistachio husk loading affect thermal conductivity and hardness?\",\"answer\":\"As pistachio husk powder concentration increased, Shore hardness increased and thermal conductivity decreased, with the maximum hardness and minimum K reported at 2.5% filler.\"}]","Effect of Pistachio Husk Waste Powder Additive of Epoxy Composites - Abstract | PDF",15]