[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-440510-105":59,"doc-detail-440510-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","effect-of-gestational-age-on-special-education-a-population-based-matched-cohort-analysis","Effect of Gestational Age on Special Education - A Population-Based Matched Cohort Analysis","","Objective: investigate how gestational age influences special education use at primary-school age and identify groups with elevated risk. Design: population-based matched cohort study linking the Dutch PERINED perinatal registry with Statistics Netherlands’ mandatory special education registry for singleton survivors without major congenital abnormalities (1999–2009). Outcome: special education use in primary school. Results: 1,814,540 children; overall prevalence 6.6%, highest at 25 weeks (34.7%). Conclusion: a strong inverse gestational-age effect persists into late preterm, early-term, and post-term.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/effect-of-gestational-age-on-special-education-a-population-based-matched-cohort-analysis/440510/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/effect-of-gestational-age-on-special-education-a-population-based-matched-cohort-analysis/440510.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dhado","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",14,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the study’s main objective regarding gestational age and special education?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To investigate how gestational age affects special education use at primary school age and to examine specific groups with elevated risk.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was the study designed and what data sources were used?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"A population-based matched cohort study linked the Dutch PERINED perinatal registry of singleton surviving children without major congenital abnormalities (1999–2009) with the mandatory special education registry of Statistics Netherlands.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What were the key findings about the relationship between gestational age and special education use?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Special education prevalence was highest at 25 weeks (34.7%) and lower at 40 weeks (5.7%), with elevated adjusted odds across gestational age groups versus the 40-week reference. Additional risk factors included low maternal education, male sex, small for gestational age, and 5-minute Apgar score \u003C 7.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},440510,1791037465,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909893218464,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Original research  \nEffect of gestational age on special education: a population-based matched cohort analysis  \nTessa de Baat  , 1 Anita C J Ravelli,2,3 Cornelieke S H Aarnoudse-Moens,1 Ameen Abu-Hanna,3 Aleid G Leemhuis 1  \n► Additional supplemental material is published online only. To view, please visit the journal online ([https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.1136/archdischild-2025-](10.1136/archdischild-2025-)[ ](10.1136/archdischild-2025-)[328599](328599)) .  \n1Department of Neonatology, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands  \n2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive and Development, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands  \n3Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands  \nCorrespondence to  \nTessa de Baat;  \n[t.debaat@amsterdamumc.nl](t.debaat@amsterdamumc.nl)  \nReceived 31 January 2025 Accepted 23 April 2025  \n© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.  \nTo cite: de Baat T, Ravelli ACJ, Aarnoudse-Moens CSH, et al. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed Epub ahead of print: [please include Day Month Year] . doi:10 . 1136/ archdischild-2025-328599  \nABSTRACT  \nObjective To investigate the effect of gestational age on special education use at primary school age, and to examine specific groups with elevated risk.  \nDesign, setting and patients Population  \nbased matched cohort study linking data from the Dutch national perinatal registry (PERINED) of all singleton surviving children without major congenital abnormalities, born between 25+0 and 42+6 weeks of gestation between 1999 and 2009, with data of the mandatory special education registry of Statistics Netherlands.  \nMain outcome measures Use of special education at primary school age.  \nResults 1 814 540 children were included. Overall prevalence of special education was 6 .6%, with highest rates in children born at 25 weeks (34 . 7%) and lowest at 40 weeks (5 . 7%) . Elevated adjusted ORs for special education compared with the reference of 40 weeks were found in all gestational age groups (25–29 weeks, 30–31 weeks, 32–36 weeks, 37–39 weeks and 41–42 weeks), with the highest adjusted OR (3 . 50 (95%  \nCI, 3.26 to 3 . 77)) in children born at 25–29 weeks. Comparable ORs were obtained after 1 to 1 exact matching with controls born at 40 weeks. Low maternal education, male sex, small for gestational age and 5-min Apgar score\u003C7 increased special education use at week 25 and above.  \nConclusion There is a strong inverse effect of gestational age on special education use in this complete nationwide, decennium birth cohort. Increased risk of special education use is still present in late preterms and those born at early-term or post-term.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nBased on estimates from 2020, global prevalence of preterm birth was 9.9%, which amounts to 13.4 million live births before a gestational age (GA) of 37 weeks.1 Preterm birth is associated with cognitive, sensory, neuromotor and behavioural disabilities,2 which may lead to special educational needs (SEN). SEN is more common among children born preterm, especially in those born at the lowest end of prematurity.3 A study by van Beek et al demonstrated both lower academic attainment test scores and higher special education (SE) participation in a population-based cohort of preterm children born at 250/7 to 296/7 weeks of gestation, compared with term controls.4 SEN, however, isnot restricted to the very preterm population and occurs also in elevated rates in those born in late prematurity compared with those born at term.5–8  \nWHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC  \n\n| ⇒ Use of special education is more common among children born preterm, especially in those born at the lowest end of prematurity.\u003Cbr>⇒ Unbiased and complete data on special education use ove","cbCaijmYqS25TeCt","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijmYqS25TeCt","pdf",581999,"English","# Abstract\n## Objective\n## Design, setting and patients\n## Main outcome measures\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction\n# What is already known on this topic\n# What this study adds\n# How this study might affect research, practice or policy","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main objective regarding gestational age and special education?\",\"answer\":\"To investigate how gestational age affects special education use at primary school age and to examine specific groups with elevated risk.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study designed and what data sources were used?\",\"answer\":\"A population-based matched cohort study linked the Dutch PERINED perinatal registry of singleton surviving children without major congenital abnormalities (1999–2009) with the mandatory special education registry of Statistics Netherlands.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings about the relationship between gestational age and special education use?\",\"answer\":\"Special education prevalence was highest at 25 weeks (34.7%) and lower at 40 weeks (5.7%), with elevated adjusted odds across gestational age groups versus the 40-week reference. Additional risk factors included low maternal education, male sex, small for gestational age, and 5-minute Apgar score \\u003c 7.\"}]","Effect of Gestational Age on Special Education - A Population-Based Matched Cohort Analysis | PDF",1790692406,18]