[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-56164-en":3,"doc-seo-56164-105":28,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":89},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":11,"language":21,"language_code":22,"site_id":23,"html_lang":22,"table_of_contents":24,"faqs":25,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":26,"read_time":27},56164,687197100911,"Himbo","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1782698725881665579",8,"Research & Report","Effect of D-allulose Feeding on the Hepatic Metabolomics Profile in Male Wistar Rats","Rare sugar D-allulose (D-psicose), a C-3 epimer of D-fructose, is studied for its potential health benefits and hepatic involvement prior to urinary excretion. Male Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93G diet with or without 3% D-allulose for 4 weeks, followed by liver metabolomics using CE-TOFMS and LC-TOFMS. D-allulose significantly increased 42 metabolites and decreased 21, affecting pathways in fatty acid β-oxidation, cholesterol, and bile acids, and suggesting changes in glucuronic acid/xylulose pathways.","Pu on 01 April 2021. Downloaded by Universityblished o Prince Edward Is on 5/16/2021f land 10:20:44 AM .  \nFood & Function  \nPAPER  \nView Article Online View Journal | View Issue  \nCite this: Food Funct., 2021, 12, 3931  \nReceived 16th November 2020,  \nAccepted 22nd February 2021 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03024d[rsc.li/food-function](rsc.li/food-function)  \nEffect of D-allulose feeding on the hepatic metabolomics profile in male Wistar rats  \nAkane Kanasaki, * Misato Niibo and Tetsuo Iida   \nThe rare sugar D-allulose is a C-3 epimer of D-fructose and is known to have several health benefits such as anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects through the alteration of enzymatic and genetic expressions in each organ. Most of the ingested D-allulose is absorbed in the small intestine and then rapidly excreted in the urine. As D-allulose was reported to be present in the liver before it is excreted, D-allulose may modulate some hepatic metabolites including glucose and lipid metabolism. Therefore, we investigated the hepatic metabolomics profile in rats after feeding D-allulose to study the overall alteration of hepatic metabolism. Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93G diet with/without 3% D-allulose for 4 weeks. Their liver samples were then collected and subjected to metabolomics analysis using CE-TOFMS and LC-TOFMS. The results showed that D-allulose induced significant increases in 42 metabolites and significant decreases in 21 metabolites. In particular, we found at the substance levels that D-allulose regulated metabolites involved in the metabolic pathways of fatty acid β-oxidation, cholesterol, and bile acid. In addition, this study newly showed the possibility that D-allulose alters glucuronic acid/xylulose pathways. In the future, we need more detailed research on the metabolomics profile of other organs related to these pathways for a comprehensive understanding of D-allulose functions.  \n1. Introduction  \nD-Allulose, also known as D-psicose, is a rare sugar, which indicates the small amounts of monosaccharides in nature. D-Allulose is a C-3 epimer of D-fructose and has approximately 70% sweetness of sucrose with almost zero-calories. When D-allulose is ingested by humans, 70% is absorbed in the small intestine and 30% is excreted into the feces with a little fermentation by intestinal bacteria.1 The absorbed D-allulose isnot metabolized and is excreted through the urine within a few hours. D-Allulose is also reported to be present in the liver and kidneys during the hours until excretion.2  \nConsumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with the development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes;3 however, D-allulose is considered as a novel functional sweetener because it is reported to demonstrate several beneficial effects. D-Allulose is reported to suppress postprandial glucose elevation and fat accumulation in humans.4,5 The former effect is a result of enhanced glucokinase translocation6 and the latter results from the suppression of several enzyme activities related to fatty acid synthesis in the liver.7–9 Our previous studies have shown that D-allulose modulates  \nResearch and Development, Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, 5-3 Kita-Itami, Itami City, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan. E-mail: [akane-kanasaki@matsutani.co.jp](akane-kanasaki@matsutani.co.jp);  \nTel: +81-72-771-2052  \ncholesterol metabolism in humans10 and enhances hepatic HDL-cholesterol uptake via SR-B1 in primary rat hepatocytes.11 Thus, there has been some evidence indicating that D-allulose alters hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism, and consequently demonstrates anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. However, these results are insufficient for a comprehensive understanding of these phenomena. Metabolomics is a powerful tool to comprehensively analyze such effects.  \nHere, we performed hepatic metabolomics profiling after continuously feeding D-allulose to Wistar rats with the aim of studying the overall alterations in hepatic metabolism as part of the search for the no","cbCaih3iKiYS6Mro","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaih3iKiYS6Mro","pdf",862962,1,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Materials & methods\n## Animal treatment","[{\"question\":\"What is D-allulose and why was it investigated in this study?\",\"answer\":\"D-allulose (D-psicose) is a rare sugar considered a novel functional sweetener with reported anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. Because it has been reported present in the liver before excretion, the study investigates how it alters hepatic metabolism.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the rats treated during the experiment?\",\"answer\":\"Six-week-old male Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93G-based diet with or without 3% D-allulose ad libitum for 4 weeks. Liver samples were then collected for metabolomics analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"Which hepatic metabolic pathways were most affected by D-allulose?\",\"answer\":\"D-allulose regulated metabolites involved in metabolic pathways of fatty acid β-oxidation, cholesterol, and bile acid metabolism. The study also newly suggests potential alteration of glucuronic acid/xylulose pathways.\"}]",1783717304,20,{"code":4,"msg":29,"data":30},"ok",{"site_id":23,"language":22,"slug":31,"title":13,"keywords":32,"description":14,"schema_data":33,"social_meta":84,"head_meta":86,"extra_data":88,"updated_unix":26},"effect-of-d-allulose-feeding-on-the-hepatic-metabolomics-profile-in-male-wistar-rats","",{"@graph":34,"@context":83},[35,52,66],{"@type":36,"itemListElement":37},"BreadcrumbList",[38,42,46,49],{"item":39,"name":40,"@type":41,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":43,"name":44,"@type":41,"position":45},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":41,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":41,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/effect-of-d-allulose-feeding-on-the-hepatic-metabolomics-profile-in-male-wistar-rats/56164/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":22,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":60,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":61,"interactionStatistic":62},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":39,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-10",true,{"@type":63,"interactionType":64,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":65},"ViewAction",{"@type":67,"mainEntity":68},"FAQPage",[69,75,79],{"name":70,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":72},"What is D-allulose and why was it investigated in this study?","Question",{"text":73,"@type":74},"D-allulose (D-psicose) is a rare sugar considered a novel functional sweetener with reported anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. Because it has been reported present in the liver before excretion, the study investigates how it alters hepatic metabolism.","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"How were the rats treated during the experiment?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"Six-week-old male Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93G-based diet with or without 3% D-allulose ad libitum for 4 weeks. Liver samples were then collected for metabolomics analysis.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"Which hepatic metabolic pathways were most affected by D-allulose?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"D-allulose regulated metabolites involved in metabolic pathways of fatty acid β-oxidation, cholesterol, and bile acid metabolism. The study also newly suggests potential alteration of glucuronic acid/xylulose pathways.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":85,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":87,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":23},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":90},[91,95,99,103,108,113,118,121,125,128,132],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":45,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},30,"research-report",{"id":122,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":124},9,"Religion & Spirituality","religion-spirituality",{"id":27,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":127},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":129,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":129,"slug":131},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":133,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":135},19,"General","general"]