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This study evaluated whether Middle Eastern honeybee (Apis mellifera syriaca) venom can act as a selective anti-cancer agent for glioblastoma using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The venom showed strong cytotoxicity against U87 cells, with IC50 values measured by MTT and LDH assays, disturbed membrane integrity without early apoptosis, and in vivo reduction of U87 cells with increased caspase-3 expression.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/effect-of-apis-mellifera-syriaca-bee-venom-on-glioblastoma-cancer-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-studies/338113/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/effect-of-apis-mellifera-syriaca-bee-venom-on-glioblastoma-cancer-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-studies/338113.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Asher","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the main goal of the study on Apis mellifera syriaca bee venom?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To evaluate the potential of A. mellifera syriaca venom as a selective anti-cancer agent for glioblastoma using in vitro and in vivo studies.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What effects did the venom show on U87 glioblastoma cells in vitro?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It produced strong cytotoxic effects (IC50 values from MTT and LDH tests) and increased cell permeability to propidium iodide, indicating compromised membrane integrity without signs of early apoptosis.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What did the in vivo experiments demonstrate?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Bee venom injection significantly reduced the number of U87 cells in mice and increased cells expressing caspase-3, supporting apoptosis-related cellular changes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},338113,1790527648,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},687197207639,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","molecules   \nArticle  \nEffect of Apis mellifera syriaca Bee Venom on Glioblastoma Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies  \nCharbel Chahla 1,†, Mohamad Rima 2,†, Charbel Mouawad 3, Rabih Roufayel 4, Hervé Kovacic 1, Dany El Obeid 5, Jean-Marc Sabatier 1, *, José Luis 1, *, Ziad Fajloun 6,7 and Bilal El-Waly 6, *  \nCitation: Chahla, C.; Rima, M.; Mouawad, C.; Roufayel, R.; Kovacic, H.; El Obeid, D.; Sabatier, J.-M.; Luis, J.; Fajloun, Z.; El-Waly, B. Effect of Apis mellifera syriaca Bee Venom on Glioblastoma Cancer: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Molecules 2024, 29, 3950 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)molecules29163950  \nAcademic Editors: Carlotta Granchi and Giulia Bononi  \nReceived: 7 June 2024  \nRevised: 13 August 2024  \nAccepted: 17 August 2024  \nPublished: 21 August 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Inst Neurophysiopathol (INP), CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France; [charbelchahla1997@gmail.com](charbelchahla1997@gmail.com) (C.C.); [herve.kovacic@univ-amu.fr](herve.kovacic@univ-amu.fr) (H.K.)  \n2 Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon; [mohamad.rima@lau.edu.lb](mohamad.rima@lau.edu.lb)  \n3 Laboratoire d’Histologie Embryologie Biologie de la Reproduction CECOS, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, CHU Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; [charbelmawad11@outlook.com](charbelmawad11@outlook.com)  \n4 College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila 54200, Kuwait; [rabih.roufayel@aum.edu.kw](rabih.roufayel@aum.edu.kw)  \n5 Faculty of Agriculture & Veterinary Sciences, Lebanese University, Dekwaneh, Beirut 1100, Lebanon; [dany.elobeid@ul.edu.lb](dany.elobeid@ul.edu.lb)  \n6 Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, Department of Cell Culture, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon; [ziad.fajloun@ul.edu.lb](ziad.fajloun@ul.edu.lb)  \n7 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences 3, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon  \n* Correspondence: [sabatier.jm1@gmail.com](sabatier.jm1@gmail.com) (J.-M.S.); [jose.luis@univ-amu.fr](jose.luis@univ-amu.fr) (J.L.);  \n[bilal.elwaly@gmail.com](bilal.elwaly@gmail.com) (B.E.-W.)  \n† These authors contributed equally to this work.  \nAbstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and fatal primary brain tumor. The resistance of GBM to conventional treatments is attributed to factors such as the blood–brain barrier, tumor heterogeneity, and treatment-resistant stem cells. Current therapeutic efforts show limited survival benefits, emphasizing the urgent need for novel treatments. In this context, natural anticancer extracts and especially animal venoms have garnered attention for their potential therapeutic benefits. Bee venom in general and that of the Middle Eastern bee, Apis mellifera syriaca in particular, has been shown to have cytotoxic effects on various cancer cell types, but not glioblastoma. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential of A. mellifera syriaca venom as a selective anti-cancer agent for glioblastoma through in vitro and in vivo studies. Our results revealed a strong cytotoxic effect of A. mellifera syriaca venom on U87 glioblastoma cells, with an IC50 of 14.32 µg/mL using the MTT test and an IC50 of 7.49 µg/mL using the LDH test. Cells treated with the bee venom became permeable to propidium iodide without showing any signs of early apoptosis, suggesting compromised membrane integrity but not early apoptosis. In these cells, poly (ADP-ribose) polymera","cbCaiiW0JSXtyP7k","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiW0JSXtyP7k","pdf",3953502,15,"English","# Introduction\n# Abstract\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What was the main goal of the study on Apis mellifera syriaca bee venom?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the potential of A. mellifera syriaca venom as a selective anti-cancer agent for glioblastoma using in vitro and in vivo studies.\"},{\"question\":\"What effects did the venom show on U87 glioblastoma cells in vitro?\",\"answer\":\"It produced strong cytotoxic effects (IC50 values from MTT and LDH tests) and increased cell permeability to propidium iodide, indicating compromised membrane integrity without signs of early apoptosis.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the in vivo experiments demonstrate?\",\"answer\":\"Bee venom injection significantly reduced the number of U87 cells in mice and increased cells expressing caspase-3, supporting apoptosis-related cellular changes.\"}]","Effect of Apis mellifera syriaca Bee Venom on Glioblastoma Cancer - In Vitro and In Vivo Studies | PDF",1790021987,38]