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Drawing on sociology of culture and political psychology, the work argues that meanings in opinion data arise from relational patterns. Using Phi Delta Kappa’s annual education survey, the analysis applies correlational class analysis to identify three parent subsets whose beliefs about integration, standardized testing, and enhanced academics cluster distinctly.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/educational-belief-systems-among-american-parents-exploring-the-relationship-between-integration-testing-and-enhanced-academics-602130/602130/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/educational-belief-systems-among-american-parents-exploring-the-relationship-between-integration-testing-and-enhanced-academics-602130/602130.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"acoobca","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the paper address a limitation of prior survey research on parental preferences?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It argues that studying survey responses in isolation misses how meanings emerge from relationships among responses in opinion data.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What method is used to identify parent belief subsets?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The paper uses correlational class analysis on data from Phi Delta Kappa’s annual education survey.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What are the three parent subsets identified in the study?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study identifies convergents, integration divergents, and academic divergents, distinguished by how they relate integration, standardized testing, and enhanced academics.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602130,1792447516,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747870733,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","| education policy analysis\u003Cbr>archives\u003Cbr>A peer-reviewed, independent, open access, multilingual journal | |\n| --- | --- |\n| Arizona State University |  |\n| Volume 30 Number 166 November 15, 2022 ISSN 1068-2341 |  |\n\nEducational Belief Systems among American Parents:  \nExploring the Relationship between Integration, Testing,  \nand Enhanced Academics  \nDavid K. Diehl  \nVanderbilt University  \nUnited States  \nCitation: Diehl, D. K. (2022). Educational belief systems among American parents: Exploring the relationship between integration, testing, and enhanced academics. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 30(166). [https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.30.7122](https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.30.7122)  \nAbstract: Current research typically uses surveys to study parental preferences but examines the responses in isolation from each other. A key insight from the sociology of culture and political psychology, however, is that the meaning of responses in opinion data comes from their relationships with one another. To make progress in understanding the meaning of parental preferences, it is necessary to study their educational belief systems-the structural configuration of their attitudes related to schools. Using data from Phi Delta Kappa’s annual survey on education, I employ correlational class analysis to identify three subsets of parents whose members configure their beliefs about integration, standardized testing, and enhanced academics in distinct ways. These three groups of parents are convergents, who see testing and integration as being aligned; integration divergents, who see standardized testing and integration as being in opposition; and academic divergents, who see standardized testing and enhanced academics as being in opposition. Compared to the full sample, these subgroups display more structure in the associations among their preferences. I also examine if the relationships between preferences and sociodemographic characteristics vary across subgroups and if  \nJournal website: [http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/ ](http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/  Manuscript)[ Manuscript](http://epaa.asu.edu/ojs/  Manuscript) received: 8/3/2021  \nFacebook: /EPAAA Revisions received: 4/12/2022  \nTwitter: @epaa_aape Accepted: 4/12/2022  \nEducational belief systems among American parents 2  \npolitical ideology predicts belief systems. I conclude with a discussion of implications for policy and future work.  \nKeywords: parental preferences; survey data; relational methods; belief systems  \nSistemas de creencias educativas entre los padres americanos: Exploración de larelación entre la integración, las pruebas y los estudios académicos avanzados Resumen: Las respuestas de investigación actuales generalmente usan encuestas para estudiar las preferencias de los padres, pero las examinan de forma aislada unas de otras. Sin embargo, una idea clave de la sociología de la cultura y la psicología política es que el significado de las respuestas en los datos de opinión proviene de sus relaciones entre sí . Para avanzar en la comprensión del significado de las preferencias de los padres, es necesario estudiar sus sistemas de creencias educativas, la configuración estructural de sus actitudes en relación con la escuela. Usando datos de la encuesta anual sobre educación de Phi Delta Kappa, utilizo un análisis de clase correlacional para identificar tres subconjuntos de padres cuyos miembros configuran sus creencias sobre la integración, las pruebas estandarizadas y la mejora académica de distintas maneras. Estos tres grupos de padres son: convergentes, que consideran que laprueba y la integración están alineadas; la integración divergente, que ve las pruebasestandarizadas y la integración como opuestas; y divergentes académicos, que ven las pruebasestandarizadas y los académicos mejorados como opuestos. En comparación con la muestra completa, estos subgrupos muestran más estructura en las asociaciones entre sus preferencias. También examino si las relaciones entre las prefe","cbCaic22bzpBYKlW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaic22bzpBYKlW","pdf",307791,21,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"How does the paper address a limitation of prior survey research on parental preferences?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that studying survey responses in isolation misses how meanings emerge from relationships among responses in opinion data.\"},{\"question\":\"What method is used to identify parent belief subsets?\",\"answer\":\"The paper uses correlational class analysis on data from Phi Delta Kappa’s annual education survey.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the three parent subsets identified in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study identifies convergents, integration divergents, and academic divergents, distinguished by how they relate integration, standardized testing, and enhanced academics.\"}]","Educational Belief Systems among American Parents - Exploring the Relationship between Integration, Testing, and Enhanced Academics | PDF",1792094084,53]