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The report outlines training pathways in phoniatrics, gaps in speech-language pathology programs, and the historical establishment of services since the 1930s and the formal start in 1974. A 2012 prospective cross-sectional study in Dakahlia governorate (852 children) estimates communication disorder prevalence and highlights caregiver-teacher identification mismatches.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/education-and-training-and-services-for-the-communication-and-swallowing-disorders-in-egypt-a-short-report/591899/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/education-and-training-and-services-for-the-communication-and-swallowing-disorders-in-egypt-a-short-report/591899.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"How does the team model for communication and swallowing disorders work in Egypt?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"A phoniatrician and a logopedist work together, often coordinating in turn with other related disciplines to meet rehabilitation needs for communicative disorders.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What are the main responsibilities of a phoniatrician?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Beyond assessment and rehabilitation, the phoniatrician can prescribe drugs and perform micro-laryngosurgery and office-based laryngeal procedures.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What did the 2012 Dakahlia governorate study find about communication disorders?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Among 852 nursery school children, 44.4% had communication disorders, and 30.9% of identified cases reported by caregivers were missed by teachers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},591899,1792073432,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":142},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Education and Training and Services for the Communication and Swallowing Disorders in Egypt: A Short Report  \nArab Journal of Applied Linguistics e-ISSN 2490-4198  \nVol. 07, No. 01, 2022, 100-106 © AJAL  \n[http://www.arjals.com](http://www.arjals.com)  \nTamer Abou-Elsaad1: Phoniatric Unit, ORL Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt  \n1 Corresponding author: Tamer Abou-Elsaad  \nEmail: [profdrtamer@gmail.com](profdrtamer@gmail.com)  \nThe practice of the specialty of human communicative disorders in Egypt is based on a model in which two professionals trained in speech-language pathology work together in a team, often with other specialists.  \nThe two professionals are:  \n(a) a phoniatrician (A physician working in the field of communication and swallowing disorders) . In addition to the routine work of the assessment and rehabilitation of patients with communication and swallowing disorders, aphoniatrician can prescribe drugs and perform micro-laryngosurgery and officebased laryngeal procedures.  \n(b) a logopedist (= speech-language pathologist/therapist) .  \nThe phoniatrician/logopedist team co-operates, in turn, with other related disciplines to form a broader team that serves the rehabilitation needs of persons with communicative disorders.  \nThe study of the profession combines an accumulation of knowledge from both medical (the anatomical, physiological, diagnostic and therapeutic principles of Otorhinolaryngology and also other medical disciplines (e.g., neurology, psychiatry, pediatrics, dentistry, orthodontics) and non-medical fields of science (e.g., linguistics, phonetics, psychology, behavior sciences, pedagogics, acoustics, communication sciences) . All the Egyptian universities offer master's and doctorate degrees in phoniatrics. The phoniatric resident can apply for the master’s degree immediately  \nafter his/her MBBCH graduation and passing his/her internship. The training for phoniatric residency is for three years. There are no Egyptian university programs for speech-language pathology. A two-year course for speech-language pathology at AinShams faculty of medicine was the only one that trained graduates from the faculties of art or education (sections of linguistics, psychology) .  \nThe specialty of phoniatrics and logopedics was completely lacking in Egypt before 1974. There were attempts to give services in special education for the deaf, blind, and mentally retarded. These services started in the mid-1930s with support from a Danish speech therapist, Breben Nim. Another attempt to help school pupils with speech problems was established in the form of a clinic attached to the teachers’high school. The categories handled were mainly dyslalia (speech) and stuttering.  \nThe Phoniatric specialty (medical specialty of communication and swallowing disorders) was started in Egypt in 1974 by prof. Nasser Kotby, faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. He established the first Phoniatric unit in the middle east under the ORL department. Then the specialty spread to other Egyptian universities, ministry of health hospitals, National Health Insurance Hospitals, and the Ministry of Defense and Police.  \nThe Egyptian Society for Phoniatrians and Logopedics (ESPL) was founded in 1976, and it represents professionals who treat pathological conditions that involve voice, speech, language, swallowing, and hearing ([Website: www.espl-egypt.org](Website: www.espl-egypt.org)).  \nThe statistical information that estimates the magnitude of communication disorders among Egyptian children is scarce. At Mansoura University, we did a prospective study in 2012 to identify communication disorders among nursery schoolchildren in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt (as a representative sample) to estimate the problem's size among Arabic-speaking Egyptian children (Gad-Allah et al., 2012) .  \nA cross-sectional descriptive research design was used to include 852 nursery school children (out of 59000 re","cbCaikxfImw2Olr1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikxfImw2Olr1","pdf",266442,"English","# Team model and professional roles\n## Phoniatrician responsibilities\n## Logopedist responsibilities\n# Education and training pathways\n## Degree programs and residency\n## Early service history in Egypt\n# Historical development of phoniatrics and professional societies\n## Founding of the ESPL\n# Epidemiology study in Dakahlia governorate (2012)\n## Study design and participants\n## Prevalence results and subtypes\n## Caregiver vs teacher identification gap","[{\"question\":\"How does the team model for communication and swallowing disorders work in Egypt?\",\"answer\":\"A phoniatrician and a logopedist work together, often coordinating in turn with other related disciplines to meet rehabilitation needs for communicative disorders.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main responsibilities of a phoniatrician?\",\"answer\":\"Beyond assessment and rehabilitation, the phoniatrician can prescribe drugs and perform micro-laryngosurgery and office-based laryngeal procedures.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the 2012 Dakahlia governorate study find about communication disorders?\",\"answer\":\"Among 852 nursery school children, 44.4% had communication disorders, and 30.9% of identified cases reported by caregivers were missed by teachers.\"}]","Education and Training and Services for the Communication and Swallowing Disorders in Egypt - A Short Report | PDF",18]