[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-315694-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-315694-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","edrolo-legal-studies-textbooks-vce-legal-studies-units-1-4-key-personnel-in-a-criminal-trial","Edrolo Legal Studies Textbooks - VCE Legal Studies Units 1-4 - Key Personnel in a Criminal Trial","","VCE Legal Studies Units 1–4 introduces how the Victorian criminal justice system resolves most matters through guilty pleas and, when trials occur, how key personnel perform specific functions to support fairness, equality, and access. The lesson focuses on responsibilities of key personnel in a criminal trial, including judge, jury, parties, and legal practitioners, linking VCAA study design key knowledge to the syllabus. It explains the judge’s role as an impartial “umpire,” evidentiary and procedural control, jury management, and lawful directions, alongside structured exam-style practice.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/edrolo-legal-studies-textbooks-vce-legal-studies-units-1-4-key-personnel-in-a-criminal-trial/315694/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/edrolo-legal-studies-textbooks-vce-legal-studies-units-1-4-key-personnel-in-a-criminal-trial/315694.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Gelato","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-20",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why are most Victorian criminal matters not resolved through full trials?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Most prosecutions are resolved by a guilty plea followed by the imposition of a sanction, rather than going to trial.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What are the key responsibilities of the judge in a criminal trial?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The judge applies the rules of evidence and procedure, acts as an independent umpire without bias, manages jury empanelment, gives rulings on points of law, and directs the jury at the trial’s conclusion.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How do the lesson’s VCAA-style questions and resources support exam preparation?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Each chapter includes VCAA-style questions, higher-order questions at the end of each Area of Study, and exemplar answers with a checklist and video solutions. Concise theory aligns to the VCAA Study Design, and the Edrolo Theory Master videos match the textbook chapters.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},315694,1789905869,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,95,100,105,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":30,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":111,"preview_page_count":4},19241457091524,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","INTRODUCING THE  \nUNITS 1–4 EDROLO LEGAL STUDIES  \nTEXTBOOKS  \n37 1 2 8 4  \n5 0 9 8 1  \nVCE LEGAL STUDIES  \nUnits 1–4  \n• VCAA-style questions in every chapter based on a thorough analysis of the past  \n10 exams  \n• Higher-order exam questions (6–10 marks each) at the end of each Area of Study for valuable SAC & exam practice  \n• Exemplar answers with a checklist and video solution for every exam-style question  \n• Concise theory covers the core knowledge required within the scope of the VCAA Study Design  \n• Edrolo Theory Master videos aligned directly to textbook chapters  \n0  \nATTHE BEGINNING OF EACH LESSON  \nLesson overview  \nsummarises the key points being covered.  \nYOU WILL FIND:  \nKey Knowledge  \nUnits (KUs) show a breakdown of the lesson.  \n3.1.9 Key Personnel in A criMinAl triAl  \n3.1.9 Key personnel in a criminal trial  \nMost prosecutions in the Victorian criminal justice system do not go to trial, but instead are resolved by a guilty plea followed by the imposition of a sanction.  \nWhen matters do go to trial, key personnel have specific functions to perform. In many ways, these functions promote the achievement of fairness, equality and access in the Victorian justice system.  \n\n| This lesson covers VCAA key knowledge point: ‘The responsibilities of key personnel in a criminal trial, including the judge, jury, parties and legal practitioners’, which we have broken down into the following concepts: |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Responsibilities of the judge | 3.1.9.1 |\n| Responsibilities of the jury | 3.1.9.2 |\n| Responsibilities of the parties | 3.1.9.3 |\n\nResponsibilities of legal practitioners [3.1.9.4](3.1.9.4)  \nIn a criminal courtroom, there are various personnel involved with clearly defined roles. Each individual has a responsibility to uphold the principles of justice and ensure that correct process and procedure is followed at all times.  \nKey Knowledge dot-points from the study design provide explicit links to the syllabus.  \n\n| Civili | ans |\n| --- | --- |\n|  |  |\n| The j | ury |\n|  |  |\n| The accused |  |\n\nWorking inclose proximity  \n\n|  |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Experienced leg | al professionals |\n|  |  |\n| The j | udge |\n|  |  |\n| Legal pra | ctitioners |\n\nKey legal personnel  \nQUESTIONS, SOLUTIONS,& SELF-MARKING CHECKLISTS  \n3D ASSAULT: TRENDS & SOCIAL IMPACT 123  \nLegislation  \nprovides students with extracts of the laws that are relevant to the key knowledge unit.  \nResponsibilities of the judge [3.1.9.1](3.1.9.1)  \nA judge is an individual (usually with extensive experience as a solicitor or barrister), appointed to conduct trials/hearings and resolve legal disputes in court.  \nJudges’titles vary – Magistrates sit in the Magistrates’ Court, a judge of the County Court is referred to as ‘Judge’(Judge Hannan for example, manages criminal matters in the County Court) while judges are referred toby the title ‘Justice’ in the higher courts (for example Justice Lasry is a judge in the Supreme Court and Justice Bell is a judge in the High Court of Australia).  \nA judge is the‘umpire’ of a courtroom – overseeing all personnel, rules of evidence and procedure. Responsibilities of the judge in a criminal trial include:  \n• Apply the rules of evidence and procedure to ensure only admissible evidence is presented in court and witnesses are examined/cross-examined lawfully.  \n• Being an independent umpire who can adjudicate without bias or preconceived notions.  \n• Managing the empanelment of the jury (in the County Court or Supreme Court).  \n• Give rulings on points of law, such as deciding whether a particular defence maybe lawfully argued (where appropriate).  \n• Directing the jury atthe conclusion of the trial (prior to the verdict being delivered):  \nproof to the jury;  \nparties  \nwill determine whether the accused is guilty the accused is found guilty.  \n© edrolo 2018 | 47  \n3.1.5 VictoriA legAl Aid And coMMunity legAl centres  \nCLCs & the principles of justice  \nPrinciple of justice: Access  \nStrengths of CLCs – ho","cbCaiaSrdxg4ISdl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaSrdxg4ISdl","pdf",2337301,"English","# Key Personnel in a Criminal Trial\n## Responsibilities of the judge\n## Responsibilities of the jury\n## Responsibilities of the parties\n## Responsibilities of legal practitioners\n## Questions, solutions, and self-marking checklists\n## Legislation extracts","[{\"question\":\"Why are most Victorian criminal matters not resolved through full trials?\",\"answer\":\"Most prosecutions are resolved by a guilty plea followed by the imposition of a sanction, rather than going to trial.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key responsibilities of the judge in a criminal trial?\",\"answer\":\"The judge applies the rules of evidence and procedure, acts as an independent umpire without bias, manages jury empanelment, gives rulings on points of law, and directs the jury at the trial’s conclusion.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the lesson’s VCAA-style questions and resources support exam preparation?\",\"answer\":\"Each chapter includes VCAA-style questions, higher-order questions at the end of each Area of Study, and exemplar answers with a checklist and video solutions. Concise theory aligns to the VCAA Study Design, and the Edrolo Theory Master videos match the textbook chapters.\"}]","Edrolo Legal Studies Textbooks - VCE Legal Studies Units 1-4 - Key Personnel in a Criminal Trial | PDF"]