[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-349185-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-349185-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","economic-burden-of-human-papillomavirus-related-cancers-in-new-zealand","Economic burden of human papillomavirus-related cancers in New Zealand","","Study estimates the economic burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers in New Zealand, where prevalence exceeds other high-income countries and vaccination coverage is low and declining. A retrospective analysis assessed six HPV-associated cancer types from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2022 using New Zealand Cancer Registry counts and HPV-positive estimates derived from CDC data. A prevalence cost-of-illness approach quantified public health sector treatment costs, including outpatient, inpatient and pharmaceuticals.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/economic-burden-of-human-papillomavirus-related-cancers-in-new-zealand/349185/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/economic-burden-of-human-papillomavirus-related-cancers-in-new-zealand/349185.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Cipher","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-26","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":30},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"Which cancer types are included in the study’s analysis?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"The study includes six HPV-associated cancers: oropharyngeal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anus/anal canal, and penile cancers.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How did the study estimate the number of HPV-positive cases?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"HPV status is not recorded in the New Zealand Cancer Registry, so HPV-positive cases were estimated using published data from the CDC.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What were the main cost findings for HPV-attributable cancers in New Zealand?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"The study estimated 2,342 HPV-attributable cancer cases with cumulative treatment costs of NZ$82.4 million over a four-year financial period, plus NZ$49 million for cervical pre-cancer detection and colposcopy-directed treatments.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},349185,1790159123,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":30,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":115,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},687208528416,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Original research  \nTo cite: Koh SP,  \nStephenson C, Chaplin J, et al. Economic burden of human papillomavirusrelated cancers in New Zealand. BMJ Public Health 2026;4:e003800 . doi:10 . 1136/ bmjph-2025-003800  \n► Additional supplemental material is published online only. To view, please visit the journal online ([https://doi.org/10.1136/](https://doi.org/10.1136/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.1136/)[bmjph-2025-003800](bmjph-2025-003800)) .  \nReceived 18 August 2025 Accepted 30 March 2026  \n© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. Published by BMJ Group. For numbered affiliations see end of article.  \nCorrespondence to  \nDr Swee T Tan;  \n[swee.tan@gmri.org.nz](swee.tan@gmri.org.nz)  \nEconomic burden of human papillomavirus-related cancers in New Zealand  \nSabrina P Koh  ,1,2 Cathy Stephenson,3,4 John Chaplin  ,3,5 Dean Ruske,3,6 Andrew Macann  ,3,7,8 Hayley Denison  ,4,9 Peter Sykes  ,10 Eric Ji,11 Michael Young,12 Amelia Jenkinson,3 Swee T Tan  1,2,3,13  \nABSTRACT  \nIntroduction Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) -related cancers in New Zealand (NZ) exceeds that of other high-income countries. These cancers are preventable by vaccination; however, NZ has a low and declining HPV vaccination rate. Literature on the economic burden of HPV-related cancers in NZ is limited. This study quantifies the economic burden of HPV-related cancers in NZ. Methods A retrospective analysis of NZ patients with the six known HPV-associated cancers—oropharyngeal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anus/anal canal and penile cancers—between 1 July 2017 and 30 June 2022 was performed. Total number of patients with these cancers, including non-HPV cases, was identified from the NZ Cancer Registry (NZCR). As HPV status isnot recorded on the NZCR, the number of HPV-positive cases was estimated using data published by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A prevalence cost-of-illness, non-discounted, approach was used to estimate the treatment cost of HPV-related cancers in the public health sector, with costs calculated using national data collections capturing outpatient, inpatient and pharmaceutical events.  \nResults There were an estimated 2342 cases of HPVattributable cancers, with a cumulative treatment cost of NZ$82 .4 million over a 4 year financial period, mostly incurred within the first 2 years of diagnosis. An additional $49 million was incurred for cervical pre-cancer detection by coloscopy and colposcopy-directed treatments. Conclusion The cost of HPV-attributable cancers in NZ during 2019–2022 was conservatively estimated at NZ$131.4 million. This underestimates the true economic burden of the disease as it only includes treatment costs in the public health sector and the proportion of the HPV-associated cancers is based on CDC data. Despite the significant economic burden associated with HPV-related cancers, the vaccination rates in NZ are declining, highlighting the urgent need to increase the HPV vaccination rate to at least 90%, in line with the targets set by other developed countries. Further research evaluating the ethnic disparities and socioeconomic implications of HPVrelated cancers is needed.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nCancer is the second leading cause of death globally.1 Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been attributed to carcinogenesis.2 3  \nWHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC  \n\n| ⇒ The rates of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers in New Zealand exceed that of other highincome countries, with a paucity of literature on the economic burden of HPV-associated cancers.\u003Cbr>WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS |\n| --- |\n| ⇒ This study quantifies the economic burden of six HPV-related cancers (oropharyngeal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anus/anal canal and penile cancers) in New Zealand.\u003Cbr>HOW THIS STUDY MIGHT AFFECT RESEARCH, PRACTICE OR POLICY |\n\n⇒ HPV-related cancers in New Zealand incur a significant financial burden, which is likely to be underestimated by this study. Despite this, New Zealand has a low a","cbCaimENhrsQJD3R","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimENhrsQJD3R","pdf",684685,"English","# Abstract\n## Introduction\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"Which cancer types are included in the study’s analysis?\",\"answer\":\"The study includes six HPV-associated cancers: oropharyngeal, cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anus/anal canal, and penile cancers.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the study estimate the number of HPV-positive cases?\",\"answer\":\"HPV status is not recorded in the New Zealand Cancer Registry, so HPV-positive cases were estimated using published data from the CDC.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main cost findings for HPV-attributable cancers in New Zealand?\",\"answer\":\"The study estimated 2,342 HPV-attributable cancer cases with cumulative treatment costs of NZ$82.4 million over a four-year financial period, plus NZ$49 million for cervical pre-cancer detection and colposcopy-directed treatments.\"}]","Economic burden of human papillomavirus-related cancers in New Zealand | PDF",1790082100,23]