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This systematic review and meta-analysis compares early removal (≤3 weeks) versus late removal (>3 weeks) and evaluates UTI and major urological complications. Eight studies with 2,148 recipients were analyzed, showing early removal significantly reduces UTIs without increasing major urological complications, including obstruction and urinary 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does the study compare regarding ureteral stents after living donor kidney transplantation?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It compares early ureteral stent removal (≤3 weeks) versus late removal (>3 weeks) after living donor kidney transplantation and evaluates UTI and major urological complications.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What is the main finding about UTI risk?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Early stent removal significantly reduces UTI incidence compared with late removal, with an odds ratio of 0.53 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.32–0.87.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Does early stent removal increase major urological complications like obstruction or urinary leakage?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"No. The meta-analysis found no significant difference in major urological complications overall, and subgroup analyses showed early removal does not increase risk of obstruction or urinary leakage compared with late removal.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},459503,1791114579,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336474466412,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Original Article  \nClin Transplant Res 2025;39:308-316 [https://doi.org/10.4285/ctr.24.0069](https://doi.org/10.4285/ctr.24.0069)  \npISSN 3022-6783 eISSN 3022-7712  \nReceived December 13, 2024  \nRevised March 1, 2025  \nAccepted April 2, 2025  \nCorresponding author: Tanaya Ghinorawa Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Kesehatan No. 1, Senolowo, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia  \nE-mail: [tanaya.ghinorawa@ugm.ac.id](tanaya.ghinorawa@ugm.ac.id)  \n© The Korean Society for Transplantation This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/)[ ](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/)[by-nc/4.0/](by-nc/4.0/)) [which](which) permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nEarly ureteral stent removal reduces urinary tract infection risk without increasing complications in living donor kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis  \nMuhammad Halim Hanindya Kusuma, Tanaya Ghinorawa, Indrawarman Soero Hardjo  \nDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia  \nBackground: Ureteral stenting is commonly performed after ureteral neoimplantation during kidney transplantation to reduce major urological complications (MUCs) . However, the optimal duration of ureteral stent removal remains unclear, as longer stenting is associated with increased risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) . This study compared UTI and MUC incidence between early (≤3 weeks) and late (>3 weeks) stent removal following living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) .  \nMethods: We systematically searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases through January 2024 for randomized and observational studies comparing early (≤3 weeks) and late (>3 weeks) ureteral stent removal in LDKT recipients. The following Medical Subject Headings were used for the search: “kidney transplantation,” “renal transplantation,” and “ureteral stent” or “stent”. Stenting duration, UTI incidence, and MUCs (obstruction and urinary leakage) were recorded, and a meta-analysis was performed to pool odds ratios (ORs) .  \nResults: Eight studies (five randomized controlled trials and three cohort studies) comprising 2,148 LDKT recipients were included. Early removal significantly reduced the incidence of UTIs compared with late removal (OR, 0. 53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32–0.87) . Six studies assessed MUC incidence, revealing no significant difference between early and late removal (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.28–1.65) . Subgroup analysis demonstrated that early stent removal does not increase the risk of obstruction (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0 .22–2.66) or urinary leakage (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0 .18–2.14) compared with late removal.  \nConclusions: Performing ureteral stent removal less than 3 weeks after LDKT reduces UTI risk without increasing MUCs relative to later removal.  \nKeywords: Kidney transplantation; Ureteral stent; Urinary tract infections, Urological complications; Renal transplantation  \n308 [https://doi.org/10.4285/ctr.24.0069](https://doi.org/10.4285/ctr.24.0069)  \nKusuma MHH et al. Early ureteral stent removal reduces UTIs in LDKT  \nHIGHLIGHTS  \n• Removing ureteral stents early (≤3 weeks) reduces urinary tract infection risk in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) recipients.  \n• No significant differences in major urological complications were observed between early and late stent removal in patients after LDKT.  \n• Subgroup analyses indicated that early stent removal does not increase the risk of obstruction or urinary leakage compared to late removal in L","cbCaiuDx58NkwGmu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuDx58NkwGmu","pdf",190572,"English","# Background\n## Rationale for stenting and uncertainty on optimal removal timing\n# Methods\n## Literature search strategy and study selection\n## Outcomes and meta-analysis approach\n# Results\n## Included studies and effect on UTIs\n## Effect on major urological complications\n## Subgroup analyses for obstruction and urinary leakage\n# Conclusions\n## Clinical implication of early stent removal","[{\"question\":\"What does the study compare regarding ureteral stents after living donor kidney transplantation?\",\"answer\":\"It compares early ureteral stent removal (≤3 weeks) versus late removal (\\u003e3 weeks) after living donor kidney transplantation and evaluates UTI and major urological complications.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the main finding about UTI risk?\",\"answer\":\"Early stent removal significantly reduces UTI incidence compared with late removal, with an odds ratio of 0.53 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.32–0.87.\"},{\"question\":\"Does early stent removal increase major urological complications like obstruction or urinary leakage?\",\"answer\":\"No. The meta-analysis found no significant difference in major urological complications overall, and subgroup analyses showed early removal does not increase risk of obstruction or urinary leakage compared with late removal.\"}]","Early ureteral stent removal reduces urinary tract infection risk without increasing complications in living donor kidney transplantation - a systematic review and meta-analysis | PDF",1790756067,23]