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Using students’ perceptions and memories, the research finds that participants often lacked strong reading role models, yet most viewed reading proficiency as essential for college and future success. Findings highlight cultural capital theory: families continue to strongly influence student achievement, and higher education should support new learners through positive role modeling and tools to build cultural capital.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/early-reading-experiences-an-artifact-of-cultural-capital/599734/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/early-reading-experiences-an-artifact-of-cultural-capital/599734.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"PakDamar76","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does cultural capital theory relate to early reading experiences in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study frames early reading as part of cultural capital, where families consciously socialize children to develop learning-related assets. It links these influences to how students succeed when entering college.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What did first generation students report about role models for reading?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The findings indicate students did not often have strong role models for reading. Despite this, most believed reading well is necessary for college and future success.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What role do parental aspirations and social class play in P-16 educational attainment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Parental aspirations are described as reflecting families’ social class standing and shaping children’s educational outcomes across preschool through college. The document emphasizes disparities between upper-class and lower-class families.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},599734,1792191608,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090893057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","| | Early Reading Experiences: An Artifact of Cultural Capital |\n| --- | --- |\n|  |  |\n\nGilbert Brown, Beth Hurst, & Cindy Hail, Missouri State University  \nAbstract  \nFrom the time of birth, children begin learning about themselves and the world around them. Parental aspirations for their children’s P-16 educational attainment does not exist in a social vacuum within the United States. In aggregate terms, parents’ P-16 aspirations reflect the families’ social class standing in their respective communities. Referred to as cultural capital, the process of consciously socializing children to develop social assets including learning to read, seems to be a critical piece of more elite societies. This study sought to uncover first year, first generation students’perceptions and memories of early reading experiences to further the understanding of the challenges first generation students face in attending college. Findings revealed our students did not often have strong role models for reading, although the majority believed reading well was a necessity for college and future success. The impact of cultural capital theory revealed families still have great influence on first generation student success in college and should be of critical concern to higher education for how to best support this new generation of learners. Additionally, we may need to transmit to our students the tools to develop more cultural capital by being positive role models.  \nKeywords: cultural capital, first generation college students, social reproduction theory, habitus  \nFrom the time of birth, children begin learning about themselves and the world around them. Much of what children learn during those early years is a result of what their parents or caregivers passon or they see modeled by others. In the broadest sense, generations share their culture and beliefs with their youth who are just beginning their learning journey. Referred to as cultural capital, the process of consciously socializing children to develop social assets such as talent, intellect, style of speech, and academic competencies, including learning to read, seems to be a critical piece of more elite societies (Bourdieu, 1986; Harris & Graves, 2010) . A measure of elite in today’s world is education, and families from lower socioeconomic levels typically do not value or pursue higher education.  \nParental aspirations for their children’s P-16 (preschool through four years of college) educational attainment does not exist in a social vacuum within the United States. In aggregate terms, parents’ P-16 aspirations reflect the families’ social class standing in their respective communities (Brantlinger, 2003; Lareau, 2008) . American society is not a classless society. The American social class hierarchy consists of millionaires, upper middle class, middle class, lower middle class, working poor, and the poor. Social classes have different predispositions toward their children’s educational aspirations and accomplishments in the P-16 educational system (Barratt, 2011;  \nBrantlinger, 2003; Giroux, 2001; Lareau, 2000) . In general terms, a disparity in parental aspirations for their children’s P-16 educational attainment exists between families from upper classes and families from lower social classes in American society (Brantlinger, 2003; Lareau, 2000; Levine & Nidiffer, 1995; MacLeod, 2009) . Parents from higher socioeconomic backgrounds tend to value P-16 educational attainment, and they socialize their children to meet those expectations (Barratt, 2011; Brantlinger, 2003; Lareau, 2000; Levine & Nidiffer, 1995) . Certainly, there are outlier families who do not embrace using educational attainment to enhance their social positions (Brantlinger, 2003) . French sociologist Bourdieu (1985) stated children’s academic performance is more strongly related to parents’ educational history than to parents’ occupational status. Dubow, Boxer, and Huesmann (2009) found parents’ level of education when ","cbCaicZazEXKfSgx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicZazEXKfSgx","pdf",433078,14,"English","# Abstract\n## Cultural capital and early learning\n## Parental aspirations and social class hierarchy\n## Reading role models and student perceptions\n## Implications for higher education support","[{\"question\":\"How does cultural capital theory relate to early reading experiences in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study frames early reading as part of cultural capital, where families consciously socialize children to develop learning-related assets. It links these influences to how students succeed when entering college.\"},{\"question\":\"What did first generation students report about role models for reading?\",\"answer\":\"The findings indicate students did not often have strong role models for reading. Despite this, most believed reading well is necessary for college and future success.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do parental aspirations and social class play in P-16 educational attainment?\",\"answer\":\"Parental aspirations are described as reflecting families’ social class standing and shaping children’s educational outcomes across preschool through college. The document emphasizes disparities between upper-class and lower-class families.\"}]","Early Reading Experiences: An Artifact of Cultural Capital | PDF",1792089333,35]