[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-359191-105":59,"doc-detail-359191-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","early-diagnosis-of-pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-by-signal-enhanced-lateral-flow-immunoassay-selfi","Early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by signal-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay: SELFI","","Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) shows low incidence but high mortality, largely because early detection remains difficult and current methods are invasive, time-consuming, or unreliable. The study presents SELFI, a signal-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay that uses plasmonic gold nanoparticle hotspots assembled on silica nanoparticles. SELFI delivers a 10,123-fold lower detection limit versus 20 nm AuNP lateral flow immunoassays, producing results within 15 minutes. Diagnostic performance is supported by ROC analysis with higher AUC than ELISA and may extend to other diseases.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/early-diagnosis-of-pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-by-signal-enhanced-lateral-flow-immunoassay-selfi/359191/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/early-diagnosis-of-pancreatic-ductal-adenocarcinoma-by-signal-enhanced-lateral-flow-immunoassay-selfi/359191.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mia  ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) challenging?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Early-stage PDAC often lacks distinct symptoms, and standard examination is difficult because the pancreas is deep anatomically. Current imaging and biomarker approaches can be invasive, costly, or insufficiently sensitive.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the SELFI lateral flow immunoassay improve detection?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"SELFI uses plasmonic gold nanoparticles assembled on silica to form multiple hotspots that amplify the colorimetric signal. This signal enhancement improves assay sensitivity compared with conventional lateral flow immunoassays using 20 nm AuNPs.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What results and timelines does SELFI achieve for PDAC diagnosis?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"SELFI achieves a 10,123-fold increase in the limit of detection versus conventional lateral flow immunoassays and provides results within 15 minutes. ROC analysis indicates stronger diagnostic features than ELISA, reflected in a larger area under the curve.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},359191,1791344622,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},687207024478,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Article [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69204-7](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69204-7)  \nEarly diagnosis of pancreatic ductaladenocarcinoma by signal-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay: SELFI  \nReceived: 19 May 2025  \n\n| Accepted: 24 January 2026 |\n| --- |\n| |\n| Check for updates |\n\nSohyeon Jang1,12, Minsup Shin 1,12, JiseokHan 2,12, Han-Joo Bae 1, Yuna Youn3, Hye-Seong Cho1, Kwanghee Yoo 1, Jun-Sik Chu1, Jaehyun An4, GeunhyeongAn5, Hyejin Chang5, Jin-Hyeok Hwang3,6, Jaehi Kim 1 , Jihwan Song 2,11 , Jong-chan Lee 3,6 , Luke P. Lee7,8,9,10  & Bong-Hyun Jun 1   \nPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a relatively low incidence but a high mortality rate, primarily due to difficulties in early detection. Current state-of-the-art methods for diagnosing early-stage PDAC tend to be invasive, time-consuming, and unreliable, primarily due to the difficulties associated with the early detection of pancreatic cancers. Here we show a quick and sensitive method for the early diagnosis of PDAC using a signal-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay called SELFI. We develop SELFI, which generates a strong colorimetric signal through multiple hotspots formed by plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)assembledon a silica nanoparticle. Our SELFI assay achieves a 10,123-fold increase in the limit of detection compared to conventional lateral flow immunoassays using 20 nm AuNPs, providing results within 15 min. We demonstrate that SELFI enables early diagnosis of PDAC, as indicated by a receiver operating characteristic curve and a larger area under the curve compared to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SELFI’s effective diagnostic features can enhance the timely identification of PDAC and may also serve in the early diagnosis of a range of other diseases.  \nPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%, largely owing to challenges in early detection, aggressive tumor biology, and therapy resistance1–5. Despite its clinical importance, early diagnosis of PDAC remains difficult because distinct symptoms are typically absent in the early stages, and the pancreas is difficult to examine using standard diagnostic methods due to its deep anatomical location5,6. Although imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic  \nresonance imaging, and endoscopic ultrasound are routinely used7, their invasiveness, high cost, and limited sensitivity for early-stage disease highlight the need for more accessible diagnostic tools.  \nAs a noninvasive approach, diagnosing PDAC using biomarkers in biological samples, such as serum has been proposed. Numerous biomarkers for PDAC detection have been investigated; however, cancer antigen 19–9 (CA19-9) remains the only FDA-approved biomarker8–10 (Fig. 1a) . CA19-9 has demonstrated reliability in  \n1Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. 3Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. 4Company of BioSquare, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea. 5Division of Science Education, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea. 6College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 7Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. 8Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. 9Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. 10Korea Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology (K-BIGHEART), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea. 11Present address: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 12These authors contributed equally: Sohyeon Jang, Minsup Shin, Jiseok Han. ","cbCainTLrdWTd6jI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainTLrdWTd6jI","pdf",1909360,13,"English","# Overview\n## Rationale for early PDAC detection\n## SELFI assay concept and design\n## Performance versus conventional immunoassays\n## Potential broader diagnostic applications","[{\"question\":\"Why is early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) challenging?\",\"answer\":\"Early-stage PDAC often lacks distinct symptoms, and standard examination is difficult because the pancreas is deep anatomically. Current imaging and biomarker approaches can be invasive, costly, or insufficiently sensitive.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the SELFI lateral flow immunoassay improve detection?\",\"answer\":\"SELFI uses plasmonic gold nanoparticles assembled on silica to form multiple hotspots that amplify the colorimetric signal. This signal enhancement improves assay sensitivity compared with conventional lateral flow immunoassays using 20 nm AuNPs.\"},{\"question\":\"What results and timelines does SELFI achieve for PDAC diagnosis?\",\"answer\":\"SELFI achieves a 10,123-fold increase in the limit of detection versus conventional lateral flow immunoassays and provides results within 15 minutes. ROC analysis indicates stronger diagnostic features than ELISA, reflected in a larger area under the curve.\"}]","Early diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by signal-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay: SELFI | PDF",1790136377,33]