[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-613275-105":59,"doc-detail-613275-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","earliest-native-americans-paleo-indians-clovis-olmec-and-aztec","Earliest Native Americans: Paleo-Indians, Clovis, Olmec, and Aztec","","Overview of the earliest Indigenous peoples and major cultural transitions across North and Central America. Traces Paleo-Indians’ migration through Beringia around 12,000 years ago and how archaeology, spear-point styles, and studies of DNA and languages inform the record. Explains Clovis culture, post-Clovis hunting changes, and the rise of farming through plant domestication, including early maize cultivation. Connects stable food, specialization, and civilization with Olmec developments, later Maya achievements, and Aztec political-religious power and decline.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/earliest-native-americans-paleo-indians-clovis-olmec-and-aztec/613275/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/earliest-native-americans-paleo-indians-clovis-olmec-and-aztec/613275.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aditya","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"How did Paleo-Indians first arrive in the Americas, and when?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Paleo-Indians crossed Beringia about 12,000 years ago, moving between what is now Siberia and Alaska. They spread quickly throughout the Americas.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What evidence do historians use to reconstruct early history without written records?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Historians use artifacts—especially spear-point styles—along with biological and genetic evidence such as blood types and DNA, and also languages.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"How does agriculture contribute to civilization?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"A stable food supply supports permanent settlements, while excess food enables job specialization. Together, these changes support complex cultures centered on cities and organized governance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},613275,1792403821,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962085564549,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","􀂀 Paleo-Indians  \n• Paleo from palaios (“ancient”in Greek)  \n• Indians from Columbus’ mistake  \n􀂀 Beringia  \n• Ice sheet across the Bering Strait that connected what’s now Russia (Siberia) and Alaska  \n• Paleo-Indians crossed Beringia circa 12,000 years ago  \n• Spread quickly throughout the Americas  \n􀂀 Anthropologists, archaeologists, and historians look at artifacts, blood types, genes (DNA), and languages  \n􀂀 Identified by their style of spear point  \n􀂀 Plentiful circa 11,500 years ago  \n􀂀 Hunter-gatherers—mammoth, mastodon, etc.  \n􀂀 Circa 11,000 years ago—large animals became extinct  \n• Unknown if extinctions caused by climate change, natural causes, or over-hunting  \n􀂀 Clovis culture disappeared with big game  \n􀂀 Post-Clovis artifacts reveal hooks for fishing and spear points for killing smaller game  \n􀂀 Farming culture developed  \n􀂀 Domestication of plants  \n• Circa 5,000 years ago—maize (corn) cultivated in Mexico  \n• Stable food supply  \n􀂀 Stable food supply = permanent settlements  \n􀂀 Excess food supply = job specialization  \n• Builders, leaders, organizers, potters, weavers, etc.  \n􀂀 Civilization—complex culture, centered around cities, with people working at specialized occupations who operate under complex government  \n􀂀 Developed circa 1500 BCE along the Gulf of Mexico  \n􀂀 Mesoamerican civilizations’“mother culture”  \n􀂀 Earthen temple mounds  \n􀂀 Earliest American written language  \n􀂀 Cultural diffusion through trade  \n􀂀 Developed in modern-day Guatemala  \n􀂀 Civilization but not an empire—each religious center (city) independent  \n􀂀 Achievements  \n• Knowledge of astronomy—developed a calendar  \n• Mathematics—invented a symbol for zero  \n• Religiously significant rubber ball game with stonewalled playing courts  \n􀂀 Declined circa 900 CE but culture survived throughout Central America and Yucatan  \n1. How and when did Paleo-Indians first arrive in the Americas?  \n2. What tools and evidence do historians use to understand the past in the absence of written records?  \n3. Who were the Clovis people?  \n4. When and where was maize (corn) first cultivated?  \n5. How does agriculture lead to civilization?  \n6. What did the Olmec contribute to civilization?  \n7. What did the Maya contribute to civilization?  \n􀂀 Built circa 300 CE in the Valley of Mexico  \n• Planned city was one of the world’s largest  \n• Neighborhoods arranged by societal role, etc.  \n􀂀 Political and religious structure  \n• Priest-rulers  \n• Numerous gods, such as Quetzalcóatl  \n• Sacrifices of agricultural products, animals, and humans  \n􀂀 750 CE—city ended violently  \n􀂀 Invaders from what is now northern Mexico  \n􀂀 Circa 1325—settled on Lake Texcoco  \n􀂀 Aztec empire covered most ofwhat is now central Mexico  \n􀂀 1450—period of drought and famine brought on massive amounts of human sacrifice  \n􀂀 By 1500—recovery with population of approximately 250,000—world’s most populous city","cbCaiuKeuO4bFQka","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuKeuO4bFQka","pdf",695608,15,"English","# Paleo-Indians and Beringia\n# Evidence and dating methods\n# Clovis culture and post-Clovis changes\n# Agriculture, maize, and the rise of civilization\n# Olmec achievements and decline\n# Maya and Aztec political-religious development","[{\"question\":\"How did Paleo-Indians first arrive in the Americas, and when?\",\"answer\":\"Paleo-Indians crossed Beringia about 12,000 years ago, moving between what is now Siberia and Alaska. They spread quickly throughout the Americas.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence do historians use to reconstruct early history without written records?\",\"answer\":\"Historians use artifacts—especially spear-point styles—along with biological and genetic evidence such as blood types and DNA, and also languages.\"},{\"question\":\"How does agriculture contribute to civilization?\",\"answer\":\"A stable food supply supports permanent settlements, while excess food enables job specialization. Together, these changes support complex cultures centered on cities and organized governance.\"}]","Earliest Native Americans: Paleo-Indians, Clovis, Olmec, and Aztec | PDF",1792385087,38]