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Using panel data for 56 OIC countries over 2001–2019, it models telecommunication infrastructure with telephone subscribers, mobile cellular subscribers, mobile money accounts, and internet access. The study applies FMOLS and dynamic ordinary least squares, and verifies causality with the Granger test. Results show a unidirectional effect for telephone/mobile and growth, while internet users and growth move bidirectionally, implying integrative technology-focused policies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/dynamic-appertain-between-telecommunication-infrastructure-and-economic-growth-empirical-evidence-of-oic-countries/648384/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/dynamic-appertain-between-telecommunication-infrastructure-and-economic-growth-empirical-evidence-of-oic-countries/648384.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Kyle","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-10-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What relationship does the study find between telecommunication infrastructure and economic growth in OIC countries?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study finds a causal relationship, with telecommunication infrastructure encouraging economic growth in OIC countries.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How is telecommunication infrastructure measured in the analysis?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It is computed using telephone subscribers, mobile cellular subscribers, mobile money accounts, and internet access.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which variables show unidirectional versus bidirectional causality with economic growth?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Telephone and mobile-related measures show a unidirectional relationship with economic growth, while internet users and economic growth exhibit a bidirectional relationship.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},648384,1792941856,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Dynamic Appertain Between Telecommunication Infrastructure and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence of OIC Countries  \nMuhammad Noshab Hussain1 · Zaiyang Li1  \nReceived: 22 November 2021 / Accepted: 24 February 2023 / Published online: 14 March 2023 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023  \nAbstract  \nThis paper finds a causal relationship between telecommunication infrastructure and economic growth in Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries. The analysis considers 56 OIC countries, and data was taken from 2001 to 2019. Telecommunication infrastructure computed from telephone subscribers, mobile cellular subscribers, mobile money accounts, and internet access is the main explanatory variable. We utilized panel data analysis. We utilized fully modified ordinary least squares and dynamic ordinary least squares estimation techniques for longrun estimation. To check the causality between the variables, we use the Granger causality test. The empirical findings elaborate that there is a unidirectional relationship between telephone subscribers, mobile cellular subscribers, mobile money accounts, and economic growth. Similarly, internet users and economic growth have abidirectional relationship. Our findings indicate that there is a need to constitute integrative policies to improve technology inflow for the growth of the economy. An increase in the telecommunication infrastructure will encourage economic growth and improve the living standards of the masses in OIC countries.  \nKeywords Telecommunication · Economic growth · Panel data · FMOLS · OIC  \nJEL Classification L96 · O47 · C23  \nIntroduction  \nLike other factors affecting economic growth, telecommunication infrastructure is also a factor that affects economic growth. Previous studies find that telecommunication infrastructure is a key factor in boosting economic growth.  \n* Muhammad Noshab Hussain [noshab_shah@hotmail.com](noshab_shah@hotmail.com)  \nZaiyang Li  \n[lzysh@xjtu.edu.cn](lzysh@xjtu.edu.cn)  \n1 School of Economics and Finance, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China  \nTelecommunication is a catalyst for hiking economic growth, and it has been proven in previous studies over the years (Gómez-Barroso et al. , 2020) . Overwhelmingly endorse the positive effect of telecommunication infrastructure on economic growth (Vu et al. , 2020) . Telecommunication infrastructure and economic development have a direct relationship in Africa. The telecommunication sector will take a bold step globally, changing the modes and means of communication (David, 2019) . That step is 5G. 5G would change the whole scenario of communication. Now, there would be seconds away from the work that would take hours. This furious tool would change the communication style and boost the economy, and undoubtedly, it would shape the new dimensions of business and economics globally.  \nToday, innovation and telecommunication technology play a pivotal role in shaping globalization and the development of the economy and enabling a world of intense commerce and communication. It has emerged as a trigger for the economy and is helpful for daily life (Maneejuk and Yamaka, 2020) . The improvement of telecommunication and the development of the data transmission pace increase the amount of information available to the masses. Adding value to the industrial sector by adding information technology is worthwhile both directly and indirectly (Toader et al. , 2018) . Hence, the faster the information, the greater the comparative advantage over countries. However, there is a difference in innovation and information technology among countries utilizing it as a flagship in the market on business, social, and educational grounds. This is an economic mess called the “digital divide,” representing the gap between the demographic circles that have advanced means of communication and technology and those that don’t have them (Dholakia and Harla","cbCaidmhvTEREyfi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidmhvTEREyfi","pdf",940782,"English","# Introduction\n# Empirical approach and variables\n## Telecommunication infrastructure measures\n## Panel data estimation and long-run methods\n## Granger causality testing\n# Empirical findings\n## Unidirectional relationships\n## Bidirectional internet-growth link\n# Policy implications","[{\"question\":\"What relationship does the study find between telecommunication infrastructure and economic growth in OIC countries?\",\"answer\":\"The study finds a causal relationship, with telecommunication infrastructure encouraging economic growth in OIC countries.\"},{\"question\":\"How is telecommunication infrastructure measured in the analysis?\",\"answer\":\"It is computed using telephone subscribers, mobile cellular subscribers, mobile money accounts, and internet access.\"},{\"question\":\"Which variables show unidirectional versus bidirectional causality with economic growth?\",\"answer\":\"Telephone and mobile-related measures show a unidirectional relationship with economic growth, while internet users and economic growth exhibit a bidirectional relationship.\"}]","Dynamic Appertain Between Telecommunication Infrastructure and Economic Growth - Empirical Evidence of OIC Countries | PDF",1792793300]