[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-599686-105":59,"doc-detail-599686-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","dual-language-as-a-social-movement-putting-languages-on-a-level-playing-field","Dual Language as a Social Movement - Putting Languages on a Level Playing Field","","Dual language is examined as a U.S. social movement that challenges traditional English-only schooling by establishing teaching methods and instructional languages that help diverse learners succeed in the official curriculum. Using Manuel Pastor’s social movements framework, the study explains how school leaders and parents pursue successful academic outcomes for Latino students through qualitative analysis of seven dual language programs across two districts. Findings emphasize persistent efforts to maintain 50-50 models, continuous program renewal, and community-driven empowerment networks. Community support and scalable implementation are highlighted as key to innovation and effectiveness.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/dual-language-as-a-social-movement-putting-languages-on-a-level-playing-field/599686/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/dual-language-as-a-social-movement-putting-languages-on-a-level-playing-field/599686.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"jayni","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the dual language movement aim to change in U.S. classrooms?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It seeks to level the playing field by addressing inequities in access to education and the quality of instruction, alongside traditional English-only classrooms.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the paper use Manuel Pastor’s framework to interpret dual language programs?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It maps dual language efforts onto Pastor’s social movement elements, including a long-term vision, support from key constituencies, viable implementation tools, and strategies for sustainability and scale.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What challenges do the schools face in implementing dual language programs?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Schools reported difficulty maintaining a strict 50-50 model, requiring continuous renewal and improvement to meet community needs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},599686,1792210688,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41},3985747859343,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Dual Language as a Social Movement:  \nPutting Languages on a Level Playing Field  \nRegina Cortina  \nTeachers College, Columbia University  \nCarmina Makar  \nCity College of New York  \nMary Faith Mount-Cors  \nUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  \nAs a social movement, dual language challenges and co-exists alongside traditional English-only classrooms in the US. Using Manuel Pastor’s social movements framework, we demonstrate how dual language provides teaching methods and languages of instruction that allow varying student populations to excel in learning the official curriculum. In this way, dual language addresses inequities in access to education and quality of instruction as addressed in the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. and international agreements about the rights of children to learn in a language they understand. The U.S. dual language movement seeks to level the playing field for students and is sought by a range of schools, school systems, and states to meet the needs of increasingly diverse learners from a range of language and socioeconomic groups. In this paper, we address the quest of school leaders and parents to achieve successful academic results for Latino students through dual language programs. Drawing from a qualitative study of seven dual language programs in schools in two school districts, this article aims to explain how educators adapt dual language models to the needs of their changing communities. The schools’ leadership led a process of academic innovations as they reshaped and improved the design of programs to serve their students. All the schools confirmed that they encountered difficulty in maintaining a 50-50 dual language model, but they also reported having to engage in continuous renewal and improvement in order to serve the needs of their communities. The article highlights the crucial role of the community in support of dual language learning and describes the empowerment networks of community actors that take part in education decision-making—which include parents, community education councils, and the schools’ leadership. Through this research, we find Dual language programs, when combined with the rest of the schools’ programs or when implemented across the school, to be one of the most innovative and effective forms of education programming.  \nAs a social movement, dual language challenges and co-exists alongside traditional Englishonly classrooms in the United States. Dual language provides teaching methods and languages of instruction that allow varying student populations to excel in learning the official curriculum. In this way, dual language addresses inequities in access to education and quality of instruction as addressed in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States and international agreements about the rights of children to learn in a language they understand. The U.S. dual language movement seeks to level the playing field for students and is sought by a range of schools, school systems, and states to meet the needs of increasingly diverse learners from a range of language and socioeconomic groups.  \nManuel Pastor’s ten elements of social movements (Pastor, 2013; Pastor & Ortiz, 2009) serve as a useful framework for understanding dual language programs as a social movement. Among the ten elements, Pastor first discusses three fundamental elements: (1) a vision and frame; (2) an authentic base in key constituencies; and (3) a commitment to the long haul. As described in this paper, dual language movements have a strong practice-based vision and frame and benefit  \n© 2015, Current Issues in Comparative Education, Teachers College, Columbia University. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Current Issues in Comparative Education 17(1), 5–16.  \nCortina, Makar, Mount-Cors  \nfrom vigorous support from parents of children in the programs. Next, Pastor points to four implementation tools: (4) an underlying and viable economic model; (5) a vision of government and governance; (6) a sc","cbCaipezR7tGirxM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipezR7tGirxM","pdf",374532,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Dual language as social movement\n# Framework and findings\n## Pastor’s ten elements applied to dual language\n## Community role and program implementation\n# Context and background\n## Connections to civil rights and bilingual education","[{\"question\":\"What does the dual language movement aim to change in U.S. classrooms?\",\"answer\":\"It seeks to level the playing field by addressing inequities in access to education and the quality of instruction, alongside traditional English-only classrooms.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper use Manuel Pastor’s framework to interpret dual language programs?\",\"answer\":\"It maps dual language efforts onto Pastor’s social movement elements, including a long-term vision, support from key constituencies, viable implementation tools, and strategies for sustainability and scale.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges do the schools face in implementing dual language programs?\",\"answer\":\"Schools reported difficulty maintaining a strict 50-50 model, requiring continuous renewal and improvement to meet community needs.\"}]","Dual Language as a Social Movement - Putting Languages on a Level Playing Field | PDF",1792089250]