[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-296795-105":59,"doc-detail-296795-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","driving-visual-acuity-and-road-traffic-crashes-in-cameroon-december-29-2020","Driving, Visual Acuity and Road Traffic Crashes in Cameroon - December 29, 2020","","Study evaluates the visual status of commercial drivers (CDs) in Limbe and Buea within Cameroon’s Southwest Region. Vision-intensive driving lacks universal visual assessment before driver’s license issuance. A cross-sectional community-based design used questionnaires for socio-demographics, self-reported visual status, and incidence of road traffic crashes (RTCs). Visual acuity measured with a Snellen chart at 6 meters. Of 207 male CDs, prior eye exams were rare, poor visual acuity correlated with higher RTC history and injuries, supporting vision testing as a licensing requirement.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/driving-visual-acuity-and-road-traffic-crashes-in-cameroon-december-29-2020/296795/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/driving-visual-acuity-and-road-traffic-crashes-in-cameroon-december-29-2020/296795.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rhys","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-18",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why is visual assessment important for driver licensing in Cameroon?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Driving is visually intensive, and vision alone contributes to most driving-related information input. In Cameroon, visual assessment is not universally performed before driver’s licenses, creating preventable risk.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was visual acuity measured in this study?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Visual acuity was measured using a standard Snellen chart at 6 meters, assessing the better-seeing eye.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What relationship did the study find between visual status and road traffic crashes?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Commercial drivers with self-reported poor vision and those with visual acuity below 0.5 reported more histories of road traffic crashes and more RTC-related injuries than those with good vision.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},296795,1790051932,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":105,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41},687207024643,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Hadassah Medical Center  \nUniversity of Buea  \nHadassah Medical Center  \nUniversity of Buea  \nUniversity of Buea  \n 􀂦   \nHadassah Medical Center  \nDriving, Visual acuity, Road tra¨ c crashes, Cameroon  December 29th, 2020  \n [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-134052/v1](https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-134052/v1)  \n 􀁱 􀅏 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.  \nRead Full License  \n A version of this preprint was published on March 23rd, 2021. See the published version at [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-01909-3](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-01909-3) .  \nDriving is a visually intensive task. In Cameroon where the burden of road tra¨ c deaths is high, visual assessment is not universally performed before the issuance of driver’s licenses. This study assesses the visual status of commercial drivers (CDs) in the Southwest Region of Cameroon.  \n This was a cross-sectional community-based study on CDs in Limbe and Buea. Questionnaires were used to assess socio-demographic parameters, the incidence of road tra¨ c crashes (RTCs), and self-reported visual status. Visual acuity (VA) was measured using a standard Snellen chart at 6 meters. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive methods; frequencies, paired Student’s t-test, and Chisquare test.  \n 207 CDs were enrolled. All were male, with a mean age of 41.8 ± 12.1 years. 15.0% had undergone an eye exam prior to licensure, and 3.4% within the past 10 years. VA in the better-seeing eye was less than 6/9 and 6/12 in 14. 1%, and 10.6% of CDs, respectively. 75% of CDs with self-reported poor vision and 95% of CDs with VA \u003C 0.5 had a history of an RTC compared to 55.8% of CDs with self-reported good vision and 55.7% of CDs with VA ≥ 0 .5 (p\u003C0.05) . Injuries from RTCs were more common in CDs with self-reported poor vision (81. 1%) and in those with VA\u003C0.5 (90. 5%) compared to CDs who self-reported good vision (55.8%) and those with VA ≥ 0 .5 (55.7%) p\u003C0.05.  \n A large proportion of CDs did not have a visual assessment before the issuance or renewal of their driver’s licenses. A considerable number had poor vision in their better-seeing eye and suffered more from RTCs and related injuries. The concerned authorities should consider making vision tests a necessary requirement for the obtention of driver’s licenses.  \nGlobally, mortality and life-long disability from road tra¨ c crashes are on a steady rise, the greatest burden in low-and middle-income countries (93% of all road tra¨ c deaths) .1 Road tra¨ c injury is the eighth leading cause of death amongst all age groups, surpassing deaths from the Human Immunode¦ciency Virus (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis, and diarrheal diseases.2 The worst rates of road tra¨ c crashes (RTC) are in sub-Saharan Africa (26.6 deaths per 100,000 population); In Cameroon, 30.1 deaths per 100,000 population, as compared to 9.3 deaths per 100,000 population in Europe.1,3 Factors that contribute to these gruesome ¦gures include impaired driving, speed driving, driving under the in§uence of alcohol or drugs, the non-use of protective gear, unsafe roads and vehicles, inadequate law enforcement on tra¨ c laws and poor post-crash care.4  \nDriving is a visually intensive task. Vision alone contributes to about 95% of driving-related information input.5 It is expected that the visual function of a d river allows them to quickly read, understand and acton standard tra¨ c control signs while moving at the maximum allowed speed in different lighting conditions.6 Visual acuity (VA) is an important aspect of visual function, playing an important role in  \ndriver safety and performance.7 The widely accepted consensus for nonprofessional drivers is a visual acuity of at least 0.5 (6/12) in the better seeing eye, with other speci¦c requirements like visual ¦elds and contrast sensitivity differing from country to country and type of driver’s license.8 There is no global accord on the basic visual requirements for commercial dri","cbCaiv8JBPJJTln0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv8JBPJJTln0","pdf",411455,"English","# Background\n## Visual demands in driving and existing requirements\n# Study design\n## Cross-sectional community-based approach\n## Study setting and participants\n# Methods\n## Questionnaires and visual acuity assessment\n## Statistical analysis\n# Results\n## Eye exam history and visual acuity distribution\n## Associations with RTCs and injuries\n# Discussion and recommendations\n## Need for vision testing before licensing","[{\"question\":\"Why is visual assessment important for driver licensing in Cameroon?\",\"answer\":\"Driving is visually intensive, and vision alone contributes to most driving-related information input. In Cameroon, visual assessment is not universally performed before driver’s licenses, creating preventable risk.\"},{\"question\":\"How was visual acuity measured in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Visual acuity was measured using a standard Snellen chart at 6 meters, assessing the better-seeing eye.\"},{\"question\":\"What relationship did the study find between visual status and road traffic crashes?\",\"answer\":\"Commercial drivers with self-reported poor vision and those with visual acuity below 0.5 reported more histories of road traffic crashes and more RTC-related injuries than those with good vision.\"}]","Driving, Visual Acuity and Road Traffic Crashes in Cameroon - December 29, 2020 | PDF",1789737070]