[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-150152-en":3,"doc-seo-150152-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},150152,687207412472,"Angel","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Dream Report - Pronouns, Local Binding, and Attitudes De Se","Dream report settings allow the dreaming self to separate from real-world time, space, and self-identification, creating complex attitude-report readings for pronouns. This work analyzes an observed asymmetry between “bodily” and “mental” counterparts and shows that the asymmetry disappears for other attitude predicates. It argues for a unified account linking logophoric and de se anaphora to binding routes, deriving a de re blocking constraint on c-command. The analysis explains why blocking holds in dream environments by diagnosing non-universality as evidence for multiple de se construal mechanisms.","Dream Report Pronouns, Local Binding, and Attitudes De Se  \nPranav Anand  \nUC Santa Cruz  \n1. Introduction  \nIn our dreams we can unmoor ourselves from reality: from time, from space, from who we take ourselves to be. As Lakoff (1972) pointed out, our dreams can even support at least two counterparts ofthe dreaming self, one bodily, the other mental:  \n(1) I dreamt I was Brigitte Bardot and I kissed me. (Lakoff 1972)  \nWithin contemporary understanding of attitude reports, the possibility of a single proform referencing either counterpart would appear to be simply another manifestation ofthe de re-de se distinction (Lewis 1979), as well as its attendant linguistic ambiguities. However, as first noted by Percus and Sauerland (2003b), there is a striking asymmetry in the possible counterparts for the pronouns in (1)– a reading where the the bodily counterpart kissing the mental counterpart is unacceptable.  \n(2) [George]: I dreamt I was Brigitte Bardot and I kissed me.  \na. Attested reading: In the dream, Brigitte kisses George.  \nb. Unattested reading: In the dream, George kisses Brigitte  \nImportantly, this asymmetry vanishes when we consider other attitude predicates, as in the examples below with hope and pretend.1  \n(3) John comes late one night, drunk and without his keys. Undeterred, he smashes through a window and goes up to bed. By morning, he has forgotten the incident, and is shocked to see the back window in pieces. Fearing that he is being robbed, he runs upstairs to check his safe.  \nJohni hoped that hei [qua robber] hadn’t yet found hisi [qua mental counterpart] safe.  \nThis paper owes a great deal to the insight and patience of my dissertation advisors – Danny Fox, Irene Heim, and Sabine Iatridou. The theoretical approach here is based on joint work with Feng-fan Hsieh. I have also benefited from discussions with: Oluseye Adesola, Valentine Hacquard, Victor Manfredi, Norvin Richards, Philippe Schlenker, and especially Kai von Fintel.  \n1The suppositionals imagine and suppose show this asymmetry. Suppositional say seems not to.  \n(i) My mother is lying in the hospital after a serious surgery. My brother is constantly urging me to visit her, but I am too swamped with work. Finally, in exasperation, he starts lecturing me. My brother: {\\#Suppose, \\#Imagine, Say} that youmom were mom and youme won’t visit youmom ! How do you think that would make you feel after all those years of sacrifice?  \n© 2007 by Pranav Anand  \nT. Friedman and M. Gibson (eds), SALT XVII 1-18, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University  \n(4) My cat, Hobbes, has a particular response that he makes when I call his name.  \nI pretended that IHobbes was Hobbes and Ime had just called meHobbes .  \nThis asymmetry bears a striking resemblance to a puzzling interaction Adesola (2005) noticed between logophoric and non-logophoric pronouns in Yoruba. In addition to a series of ordinary pronouns (the o forms), in the 3rd person Yoruba also possesses a series of logophoric pronouns (the un forms), which are licensed in the scope of certain attitude predicates (logophoric environments) .2 , 3 In such environments, logophors are obligatory de se anaphora – they refer to the attitude-holder and require a de se construal; they are thus of a type with long-distance anaphora and obligatorily controlled PRO (Chierchia 1989) . Logophoric and ordinary pronouns may co-occur within a logophoric environment, subject to a constraint Adesola discovered: logophoric forms cannot be c-commanded by co-referental ordinary pronouns.  \n(5) Olui so p o∗i,j r´ bb uni  \nOlu say that o see father oun-gen  \n‘Olui said that he∗i,j has seen hisi father. (Adesola 2005: ex. 59a, 213)  \nTrading logophoric pronouns for mental counterparts and ordinary pronouns for bodily counterparts, Adesola’s and Percus and Sauerland’s puzzles seem much the same. In section 2, I will argue that they are the same, namely the following:  \n(6) de re BLOCKING EFFECT  \nNo obligatory de se anaphor can be c-commanded by de re","cbCaismY9BnvLvXt","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaismY9BnvLvXt","pdf",160502,1,18,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## De re–de se asymmetry in dream reports\n## Logophoric pronouns and Yoruba constraints\n## De re blocking effect and binding accounts\n## Competing proposals for de se ascription","[{\"question\":\"What asymmetry do dream reports show for pronouns and counterparts?\",\"answer\":\"Dream reports exhibit a striking asymmetry: readings where the bodily counterpart acts on the mental counterpart are unavailable, unlike other possible counterpart assignments. The asymmetry contrasts with cases involving other attitude predicates where it disappears.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper connect logophoric pronouns with dream-report problems?\",\"answer\":\"It compares puzzles about mental vs bodily counterparts to an interaction between logophoric and non-logophoric pronouns in Yoruba. In logophoric environments, logophors are obligatorily de se anaphora and are constrained by c-command relations with co-referential ordinary pronouns.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the de re blocking effect argued in this paper?\",\"answer\":\"The paper formulates a constraint: no obligatory de se anaphor can be c-commanded by a de re counterpart. It then asks why the constraint holds and proposes that dream environments diagnose multiple routes to de se construal rather than a single universal mechanism.\"}]","Dream Report - Pronouns, Local Binding, and Attitudes De Se | PDF",1787814895,45,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"dream-report-pronouns-local-binding-and-attitudes-de-se","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,54,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/dream-report-pronouns-local-binding-and-attitudes-de-se/150152/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-27",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What asymmetry do dream reports show for pronouns and counterparts?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Dream reports exhibit a striking asymmetry: readings where the bodily counterpart acts on the mental counterpart are unavailable, unlike other possible counterpart assignments. The asymmetry contrasts with cases involving other attitude predicates where it disappears.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does the paper connect logophoric pronouns with dream-report problems?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"It compares puzzles about mental vs bodily counterparts to an interaction between logophoric and non-logophoric pronouns in Yoruba. In logophoric environments, logophors are obligatorily de se anaphora and are constrained by c-command relations with co-referential ordinary pronouns.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What is the de re blocking effect argued in this paper?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The paper formulates a constraint: no obligatory de se anaphor can be c-commanded by a de re counterpart. It then asks why the constraint holds and proposes that dream environments diagnose multiple routes to de se construal rather than a single universal mechanism.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]