[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-599690-105":3,"doc-detail-599690-en":80,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":98},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","does-watching-help-in-search-of-the-theory-of-change-for-education-monitoring","Does Watching Help? - In Search of the Theory of Change for Education Monitoring","","Essay examines the theories that underpin education monitoring and asks whether watching and reporting help advance Education for All (EFA) goals. It reviews evidence on progress toward the six EFA objectives since Jomtien, then challenges assumptions about the purpose and effectiveness of measuring, comparing, and publicizing change. The discussion contrasts monitoring impacts through neo-realism versus constructivism and concludes with implications for capacity building.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/does-watching-help-in-search-of-the-theory-of-change-for-education-monitoring/599690/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/does-watching-help-in-search-of-the-theory-of-change-for-education-monitoring/599690.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"jayni","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-18","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":22},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What is the central aim of the essay on education monitoring?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"It investigates the underlying theories of monitoring by addressing whether monitoring and reporting help achieve EFA goals and by evaluating the theory of change for education monitoring.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"Did the essay find progress toward EFA goals since Jomtien?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Yes. It points to evidence presented in the Global Monitoring Report showing substantial movement toward the six EFA goals as well as in finance.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"Why does the essay emphasize different theoretical perspectives on monitoring?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"It argues that monitoring effects can be interpreted through neo-realism or constructivism, and it finds constructivism provides a clearer view for understanding monitoring’s implications.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},599690,1792295740,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",{"doc_id":78,"user_id":83,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":84,"doc_module":4,"category_id":85,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":86,"file_id":87,"file_url":88,"file_type":89,"file_size":90,"view_count":22,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":91,"language":92,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":93,"faqs":94,"seo_title":95,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":96,"read_time":97},3985747859343,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Does Watching Help?  \nIn Search of the Theory of Change for Education Monitoring1  \nDavid Post  \nEFA Global Monitoring Report and Penn State University  \nIn 2015 Education for All (EFA), concludes its 25-year cycle, and the Global Monitoring  \nReport (GMR) publishes its final assessment of triumph and defeat in reaching the six EFA goals.  \nBefore the United Nations adopts new Sustainable Development Goals, it is essential to consider the underlying theories of monitoring. This essay address two basic questions and then reviews the theoretical basis of the “soft power” of monitoring. It first asks: Was there progress toward EFA goals since Jomtien? Yes, as seen from evidence presented in the GMR. Do policy reforms, state-action, and global governance promote this progress? The evidence is less clear. After touching on these questions, the essay discusses how monitoring effects change from the  \nperspective of either neo-realism or constructivism. Both theories offer insights about monitoring, but constructivism provides a clearer view. The implications for capacity building are then discussed.  \nIn 2015 Education for All (EFA), the world’s most sustained social movement in education, concludes its 25-year cycle, and the Global Monitoring Report (GMR) publishes its final assessment of triumph and defeat in reaching the six EFA goals. Now international efforts are focused on defining new Sustainable Development Goals, including education as just one of 17 comprehensive goals. But now is also the time to stand back and ask hard questions.  \nThe twin assumptions behind declared goals are, first, that progress is possible and, second, there is some purpose to measuring, comparing, and publicizing progress. The first assumption seems safe, provided governments and international organizations are serious about the goals they endorse. Defending the second assumption, after a critical review, is the aim of this essay. Before the United Nations (UN) adopts a new monitoring framework based on new targets that will replace those of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the EFA movement, and before the UN authorizes a new accounting of progress, it is important to ascertain the effect of monitoring. Doing so would require an empirical effort beyond the scope of this essay. As a first step, however, it is essential to consider the underlying theories of monitoring.  \nThe hope of periodic reports from UNICEF, UNDP, ILO, WHO, or the World Bank is that assessments of change can promote the very changes they try to monitor. It is only a “hope”because these organizations have no enforcement apparatus to hold nations or multilateral organizations to account for neglecting declarations or national ratifications of treaties. Soft power works because of the accepted legitimacy of the apparatus for assessing and reporting on adherence to shared norms. What were the shared norms or treaties monitored by the GMR?  \nIn reality, there were no EFA treaties, and so the monitoring of educational progress differs from reports mandated by international law. For example, the Convention on the Rights of the Child required periodic reporting on possible violations. Also, when thinking about public health, there is near universal agreement about the need to eliminate disease, reduce infant mortality, and promote longevity. WHO’s campaign of Health For All during the 1980s was not controversial, and so could achieve progress without a treaty or legal sanctions. By contrast, EFA never generated the unanimity that is reflected in public health goals, and neither could it coerce nations into compliance since there are no “violations”. What EFA did generate was  \n© 2015 Current Issues in Comparative Education, Teachers College, Columbia University, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Current Issues in Comparative Education 17(1), 72-86.  \nDoes Watching Help?  \nsomething few movements have sustained over such a long period: an independent, researchbased progress report.  \nHowev","cbCaiqrK1DaP3plG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqrK1DaP3plG","pdf",1056424,15,"English","# Does Watching Help?\n## Progress toward EFA goals since Jomtien\n## Monitoring, soft power, and theory\n## Implications for capacity building","[{\"question\":\"What is the central aim of the essay on education monitoring?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates the underlying theories of monitoring by addressing whether monitoring and reporting help achieve EFA goals and by evaluating the theory of change for education monitoring.\"},{\"question\":\"Did the essay find progress toward EFA goals since Jomtien?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. It points to evidence presented in the Global Monitoring Report showing substantial movement toward the six EFA goals as well as in finance.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the essay emphasize different theoretical perspectives on monitoring?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that monitoring effects can be interpreted through neo-realism or constructivism, and it finds constructivism provides a clearer view for understanding monitoring’s implications.\"}]","Does Watching Help? - In Search of the Theory of Change for Education Monitoring | PDF",1792089252,38,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":99},[100,104,108,112,117,122,127,130,135,138,142],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":109,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":111},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":113,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":114,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":85,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":128,"slug":129},30,"research-report",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":134},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":133,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":137},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":139,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":140,"show_sort_weight":139,"slug":141},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":143,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":144,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":145},19,"General","general"]