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The findings align with prior research linking breakfast habits to standardized test outcomes.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/does-eating-breakfast-affect-the-performance-of-college-students-on-biology-exams/595443/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/does-eating-breakfast-affect-the-performance-of-college-students-on-biology-exams/595443.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Blitz","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",5,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What research question drove the study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study aimed to determine whether there was a significant difference in Biology exam performance between college students who ate breakfast and those who did not.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How many students participated, and over what period?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"A total of 1,259 community college students participated, and the study ran from spring 1993 through fall 2004, spanning an eleven-year period.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What were the key findings about exam performance?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Students who ate breakfast showed higher success rates: 72.7% of breakfast-eaters received a “C” or better, and overall there was a significant performance difference between breakfast and non-breakfast groups.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},595443,1792231545,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":55,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},24464137899374,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Does Eating Breakfast Affect the Performance of College Students on Biology Exams?  \nGregory W. Phillips  \nBlinn College  \nDivision of Natural Sciences – Brenham Campus  \n902 College Avenue  \nBrenham, Texas 77833  \n[E-mail- gphillips@blinn.edu](E-mail- gphillips@blinn.edu)  \nAbstract. This study examined the breakfast eating habits of 1,259 college students over an eleven year period to determine if eating breakfast had an impact upon their grade on a General Biology exam. The study determined that there was a significant difference in the performance on the exam with a higher percent of the participants, who had eaten breakfast passing the exam. The study found that only 65.6 percent of the students participating in the study had eaten breakfast.  \nThis finding supports the results of several other studies that people of college age show an increase in the percent skipping breakfast over individual of a younger age.  \nKeywords: general biology, exam performance, standardized tests, breakfast  \nINTRODUCTION  \nMany studies have examined the link between eating breakfast and performance in school (Gagnard, 1986; Mathews, 1996; Pollitt, Leibel, & Greenfield, 1981; Pollitt, Lewis, Garza, & Shulman, 1982; Simeon & Grantham-McGregor, 1989; Worobey & Worobey 1999) . These studies have consistently pointed toward the importance of eating breakfast and doing well in school. Several researchers (Cantore, 1999; Given, 1998; Kleinman, 1998; and Pollitt, 1995) further suggest that breakfast can have a significant impact upon the grade obtained in a standardized test. Staub (2000) pointed out that this type of research has played an important role in providing evidence that supports the need for school lunch and breakfast programs. Morse and Pollack (1988) recognized that the importance of eating a good breakfast does not end after adolescence, but is an essential part of a healthy life style.  \nHowever, much of the research has been focused on public school students, ranging from pre-K up to high school. Fewer studies have focused on college students and the effect breakfast may have had on their performance. Some of the studies that have examined this segment of the population have measured glucose levels and performance of college students on memory  \ntests or minimal skills tests (Gagnard, 1986; Deije, Heemstra, & Orlebeke, 1989; Benton & Parker, 1998; and Benton & Sargent, 1992) . Their research has consistently agreed with earlier research that breakfast does play a crucial role in performance. This longitudinal study intends to add to the body of knowledge on the relationship between academic performance and eating habits by examining the performance of college students who ate breakfast on the day of major Biology exams.  \nPROBLEM STATEMENT  \nThe fundamental question that drove this study was to determine if there were a significant difference in the performance on Biology exams of college students who had eaten breakfast and those who had not eaten breakfast.  \nSAMPLE  \nThe study involved 1,259 community college students who were enrolled in General Biology I classes. The classes involved in the study began at 8, 9, or 10 am. The study extended from spring 1993 through fall 2004.  \nThe study was conducted on the Brenham campus of Blinn College, a residential community college in Brenham, Texas. The students at Blinn College are  \npredominantly freshmen, 80.4 percent. Males comprise 50.2 percent of the Brenham campus population and females comprise the remaining 49.8 percent (Blinn College, 2003) . Most of the students on the Brenham campus are traditional students who are between 18-21 years of age, with an average age of 20.6 (Blinn College, 2003) . The majority of students, 87.1 percent, on the Brenham campus are full time students, taking at least 12 credit hours. The ethnic breakdown of the Brenham campus students are as follows: Caucasian 74.8 percent, African-American 16.3 percent, Hispanic 7.8 percent, Asian 0.5 percent, Ame","cbCaioNO3HlbZcEu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioNO3HlbZcEu","pdf",162060,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Problem Statement\n# Sample\n# Methodology\n# Findings\n## Figure 1","[{\"question\":\"What research question drove the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study aimed to determine whether there was a significant difference in Biology exam performance between college students who ate breakfast and those who did not.\"},{\"question\":\"How many students participated, and over what period?\",\"answer\":\"A total of 1,259 community college students participated, and the study ran from spring 1993 through fall 2004, spanning an eleven-year period.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings about exam performance?\",\"answer\":\"Students who ate breakfast showed higher success rates: 72.7% of breakfast-eaters received a “C” or better, and overall there was a significant performance difference between breakfast and non-breakfast groups.\"}]","Does Eating Breakfast Affect the Performance of College Students on Biology Exams? | PDF",1792081150,13]