[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-588202-105":59,"doc-detail-588202-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","does-diversity-driven-hiring-decrease-ideological-diversity","Does Diversity-Driven Hiring Decrease Ideological Diversity?","","The study examines whether diversity-driven hiring contributes to declining ideological diversity in U.S. higher education. It argues that selection power claimed to increase representation by sex and race may instead systematically favor left-leaning professors. The text summarizes evidence showing a leftward shift among academics since roughly 1989, and compares party and ideological measures across fields such as social science, psychology, and political science.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/does-diversity-driven-hiring-decrease-ideological-diversity/588202/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/does-diversity-driven-hiring-decrease-ideological-diversity/588202.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aditya","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What question does the study investigate?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Whether diversity-driven hiring decreases ideological diversity in the academy.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What mechanism does the text propose for declining ideological diversity?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It suggests that control over professor selection used to increase diversity by sex and race may end up choosing leftists instead.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What does the document say about trends in the political ideology of professors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It reports that the share of academics describing themselves as on the political left has increased over time, with additional evidence of stronger majorities for Democrats in several disciplines.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},588202,1792210703,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},962085564549,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Acad. Quest . (2021) 34.4 DOI 10. 51845/34 .4.15  \nDoes Diversity-Driven Hiring Decrease Ideological Diversity?  \nChristopher C. Hull  \nWhat if it’s diversity-driven hiring itself that is causing America’s decreasing ideological diversity in the academy? That is, what if the power over professor selection seized by those claiming their intent is to increase diversity in sex and race is de facto and on average used to choose leftists instead? This study presents evidence that this may be so.  \nThere is little question the Ivy Tower’s ideological diversity is on the decline, and more specifically that the professoriate is moving leftward.  \nThe Leftward Lurch of U. S. Academics  \nBeginning about 1989, a spate of studies suggests, the percentage of American academics on the political left began increasing substantially. For instance, while about 39 percent of surveyed professors described themselves as on the left in 1984, 62 percent did so in 1999.1 As this leftward movement took place, one study noted, a “progressive” and “establishment” camp developed within the academic left.2 Similarly, in 2007, other scholars found that within a growing academic left, 17.6 percent of social scientists surveyed self-identified as “Marxist,” and those calling themselves “liberal” and “radical” rose to 24 percent.3 In 2014, these same scholars documented professors’“leftward tilt” with two increasingly clear camps on the left.4  \n1 Stanley Rothman, S. Robert Lichter, Neil Nevitte,“Politics and Professional Advancement Among College Faculty,” The Forum 3, no. 1 (2005) .  \n2 Daniel B. Klein, Charlotta Stern,“Professors and Their Politics: The Policy Views of Social Scientists,”  \nCritical Review 17 no. 3 (2005): 257–303.  \n3 Neil Gross, Solon Simmons,“The Social and Political Views of American Professors,” Harvard University and George Mason University, Working Paper, September 24, 2007.  \n4 Neil Gross, Solon Simmons (eds.), Professors and Their Politics (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014); J. Matthew Wilson,“The Nature and Consequences of Ideological Hegemony in American Political Science,” PS: Political Science & Politics 52 no. 4 (2019), 724-727.  \nChristopher C. Hull is the author of Grassroots Rules: How the Iowa Caucuses Help Elect American Presidents (Stanford University Press, 2007), as well as more than one-hundred peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, conference papers . and op eds .  \nBy contrast, the observed percentage of self-identified Democrats may have actually ticked down among all academics from 50 percent in 1999 to 46 percent in 2000.5 Regardless, by 2006 it had bobbed back up to 51 percent, and at liberal arts colleges at least it reached nearly 57 percent by 2018.6 Other scholars found no significant differences between Democratic and Republican professors on“public policies that regulate personal conduct,” meaning partisanship understated ideological uniformity.7  \nAmong surveyed social scientists, self-identified Democrats rose from 46 percent in 1955 to 55 percent in 1999, to about 56 percent in 2006.8 By 2016, Democrat-to-Republican ratios had climbed to 11.5 to 1 among liberal arts social scientists.9 Most striking, perhaps, Democrats rose from 63 percent of psychologists in 1999 to 77 percent in 2006.10  \nAmong surveyed political scientists, Democrats actually decreased from 58 percent in 1999 to 50 percent in 2006—yet the ratio of Democratic to Republican political scientists stood at least six to one.11 By 2018, another scholar found 8.2 registered Democratic political science faculty members for every Republican.12  \nAnalogously, the percentage of self-identified “liberal” academics increased from 1955 through at least 2009.13 Granted, in the middle of the twentieth century, “liberal” tended to describe those who embrace fundamental ideals of freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, the separation of church and state, and the right to due process and equality under the law; ","cbCaiowN4rp1RtwV","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiowN4rp1RtwV","pdf",316549,"English","# The Research Question\n## The Proposed Mechanism\n# The Leftward Shift in U.S. Academics\n## Evidence from Academic Studies\n## Ideological Camps Within the Left","[{\"question\":\"What question does the study investigate?\",\"answer\":\"Whether diversity-driven hiring decreases ideological diversity in the academy.\"},{\"question\":\"What mechanism does the text propose for declining ideological diversity?\",\"answer\":\"It suggests that control over professor selection used to increase diversity by sex and race may end up choosing leftists instead.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the document say about trends in the political ideology of professors?\",\"answer\":\"It reports that the share of academics describing themselves as on the political left has increased over time, with additional evidence of stronger majorities for Democrats in several disciplines.\"}]","Does Diversity-Driven Hiring Decrease Ideological Diversity? | PDF",1792064739]