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\nRobert J. Glushko and Tim McGrath  \nThe MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England  \n© 2005 Massachusetts Institute of Technology  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher.  \nThis book was set in Bauer Bodoni and Eurostile by Andrea R. Nelson.  \nPrinted and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nGlushko, Robert J.  \nDocument engineering: analyzing and designing documents for business informatics and Web services / Robert J. Glushko and Tim McGrath.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN0-262-07261-0 (alk. paper)  \n1. Text processing (Computer science) . 2. Electronic data interchange.  \n3. Commercial documents—Data processing. I. McGrath, Tim. II. Title.  \nQA76 .9.T48 G54 2005 2001030659  \n005—dc22  \nCONTENTS   \nPREFACE xv  \nFOREWORD xxi  \nPART I INTRODUCTION  \nCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION TO DOCUMENT ENGINEERING  \n1.0 INTRODUCTION 4  \n1.1 A SIMPLE BUSINESS TRANSACTION? 6  \n1.2 THE EXTENDED OR VIRTUAL ENTERPRISE 8  \n1.3 IT’S ALL ABOUT EXCHANGING DOCUMENTS 9  \n1.3.1 THE DOCUMENT TYPE SPECTRUM 10  \n1.3.2 DOCUMENT EXCHANGE AS A BUILDING BLOCK  \nIN BUSINESS MODEL PATTERNS 11  \n1.3.3 DOCUMENT EXCHANGE AS LOOSE COUPLING 13  \n1.4 UNDERSTANDING THE MEANING OF DOCUMENTS 14  \n1.4.1 INCOMPATIBLE INFORMATION MODELS 16  \n1.4.2 STANDARD INFORMATION MODELS 17  \n1.5 XML AS AN ENABLING TECHNOLOGY 17  \n1.6 USING XML-ENCODED MODELS TO DESIGN AND DRIVE APPLICATIONS 18  \n1.6.1 DOCUMENT MODELS AS INTERFACES 20  \n1.6.2 MODELS OF BUSINESS PROCESSES 22  \n1.6.3 WEB SERVICES AND SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURES 23  \n1.7 DOCUMENT SPECIFICATIONS  \nAND DOCUMENT ENGINEERING 26  \n1.8 DOCUMENT ENGINEERING—A NEW AND SYNTHETIC DISCIPLINE 27  \n1.8.1 BUSINESS PROCESS ANALYSIS 28  \n1.8.2 TASK ANALYSIS 29  \n1.8.3 DOCUMENT ANALYSIS 29  \n1.8.4 DATA ANALYSIS 30  \n1.8.5 UNIFICATION IN DOCUMENT ENGINEERING 31  \n1.9 THE DOCUMENT ENGINEERING APPROACH 32  \n1.10 KEY POINTS IN CHAPTER ONE 37  \nvi  DOCUMENT ENGINEERING ANALYZING AND DESIGNING DOCUMENTS FOR BUSINESS INFORMATICS & WEB SERVICES   \nPART II FOUNDATIONS  \nCHAPTER TWO XML FOUNDATIONS  \n2.0 INTRODUCTION 42  \n2.1 FROM HTML TO XML 43  \n2.1.1 THE BROWSER WAR 46  \n2.1.2 FROM THE WEB FOR EYES TO THE WEB FOR COMPUTERS 47  \n2.2 XML’S BIG IDEAS 48  \n2.3 CREATION OF NEW SETS OF TAGS FOR  \nDOMAIN-SPECIFIC CONTENT 49  \n2.4 SEPARATION OF CONTENT AND PRESENTATION 51  \n2.5 DEFINITION OF DOCUMENT TYPES 53  \n2.5.1 DOCUMENTS AS IMPLEMENTATION MODELS 54  \n2.5.2 XML SCHEMAS 55  \n2.5.3. SCHEMA LANGUAGES 56  \n2.5.4 RULES THAT SCHEMA LANGUAGES CAN’T REPRESENT 61  \n2.6 VALIDATION 62  \n2.7 CONVERSION AND TRANSFORMATION 64  \n2.7.1 CONVERSION TO XML 64  \n2.7.2 TRANSFORMATION FROM XML 67  \n2.7.3 WHERE TO TRANSFORM 69  \n2.8 KEY POINTS IN CHAPTER TWO 72  \nCHAPTER THREE MODELS, PATTERNS, AND REUSE  \n3.0 INTRODUCTION 74  \n3.1 MODELS 75  \n3.2 ADAPTING THE CLASSIC MODELING 76  \nAPPROACH TO DOCUMENTS  \n3.2.1 EXTERNAL VIEWS: INSTANCES OF DOCUMENT IMPLEMENTATIONS 78  \n3.2.2 PHYSICAL VIEWS: DOCUMENT IMPLEMENTATION  \nMODELS (OR SCHEMAS) 79  \n3.2.3 CONCEPTUAL VIEWS: DOCUMENT COMPONENT  \nAND ASSEMBLY MODELS 81  \n3.3 THE MODEL MATRIX 86  \n3.3.1 METADATA AND METAMODELS 88  \n3.3.2 METAMODELS FOR PROCESSES 89  \n3.4 PATTERNS 90  \n3.4.1 PATTERNS IN BUSINESS 91  \n3.4.2 WHY BUSINESSES FOLLOW PATTERNS 92  \n3.4.3 FINDING PATTERNS IN THE MODEL MATRIX 94  \n3.4.4 USING THE MODEL MATRIX AS A FRAMEWORK 96  \n3.4.5 PROCESS AND DOCUMENTS: YIN AND YANG 97  \n3.5 KEY POINTS IN CHAPTER THREE 99  \nCHAPTER FOUR DESCRIBING WHAT BUSINESSES DO  \nAND HOW THEY DO IT  \n4.0 INTRODUCTION 102  \n4.1 VIEWS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION 104  \n4.1.1 PHYSICAL VIEWS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION 104  \n4.1.2","cbCaiuwER71PR7W0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuwER71PR7W0","pdf",9718405,729,"English","# Preface\n# Foreword\n# Introduction to Document Engineering\n## A Simple Business Transaction?\n# XML Foundations\n## From HTML to XML\n# Models, Patterns, and Reuse\n## Models\n# Describing What Businesses Do and How They Do It\n## Views of Business Organization\n# How Models and Patterns Evolve\n## The Coevolution of Technology and Business Models\n# When Models Don’t Match: The Interoperability Challenge\n## The Interoperability Challenge","[{\"question\":\"What problem does document engineering address in business informatics and web services?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on analyzing and designing documents so they can be exchanged and processed reliably across business systems, including issues of model meaning, specification, and interoperability.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book motivate the use of XML in document modeling?\",\"answer\":\"It explains XML as an enabling technology, describing how XML-encoded models support application design through document models as interfaces, models of business processes, and service-oriented architectures.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of conflicts can occur when business document models do not match?\",\"answer\":\"The interoperability challenge includes content conflicts, encoding conflicts (language and grammatical), structural conflicts (assembly and granularity), and semantic conflicts such as functional dependency, vocabulary, and contextual conflicts.\"}]","Document Engineering - Analyzing and Designing Documents for Business Informatics & Web Services | PDF",1837]