[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-379254-105":59,"doc-detail-379254-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","do-large-thyroid-nodules-4-cm-without-suspicious-cytology-need-surgery-original-research","Do large thyroid nodules (≥4 cm) without suspicious cytology need surgery - Original Research","","Preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is widely used to evaluate thyroid nodules, yet its false-negative rate for giant nodules remains debated. This retrospective study analyzed medical records of 453 patients with thyroid nodules >4 cm who underwent preoperative FNAB without suspicious cytologic features at Severance Hospital. The study assessed malignancy incidence, comparing benign and indeterminate cytology, and reviewed cancer histology patterns to evaluate whether diagnostic surgery is feasible.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/do-large-thyroid-nodules-4-cm-without-suspicious-cytology-need-surgery-original-research/379254/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/do-large-thyroid-nodules-4-cm-without-suspicious-cytology-need-surgery-original-research/379254.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Cipher","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main question of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study asks whether patients with thyroid nodules ≥4 cm but without suspicious cytology need diagnostic surgery, by evaluating malignancy incidence and FNAB performance.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the study conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It used a retrospective review of 453 patients who underwent preoperative FNAB for nodules >4 cm between January 2017 and August 2022 at Severance Hospital, Seoul.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the results show about malignancy rates?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Among 453 patients, malignancy prevalence was 38.9% in the benign cytology group and 55.5% in the indeterminate cytology group after final pathology.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},379254,1790624472,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},687208528416,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","TYPE Original Research PUBLISHED 05 September 2023 DOI 10.3389/fendo.2023.1252503  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nLaura Sterian Ward,  \nState University of Campinas, Brazil  \nREVIEWED BY  \nRosalia Padovani,  \nSanta Casa of Sao Paulo, Brazil Erika Abelleira,  \nHospital de Clnicas Jose´ de San Martn, Argentina  \n*CORRESPONDENCE Sang-Wook Kang  \n [oralvanco@yuhs.ac](oralvanco@yuhs.ac)  \nRECEIVED 03 July 2023  \nACCEPTED 14 August 2023  \nPUBLISHED 05 September 2023  \nCITATION  \nKang SM, Kim EJ, Lee SM, Kim JK, Lee CR, Kang S-W, Lee JD, Jeong J-J, Nam K-H  \nand Chung WY (2023) Do large thyroid nodules (≥4 cm) without suspicious cytology need surgery?  \nFront. Endocrinol. 14:1252503 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1252503  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2023 Kang, Kim, Lee, Kim, Lee, Kang, Lee, Jeong, Nam and Chung. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nDo large thyroid nodules (≥4 cm) without suspicious cytology need surgery?  \nSeokmin Kang 1, Eunjin Kim 1, Sunmin Lee 1, Jin Kyong Kim 1, Cho Rok Lee 2, Sang-Wook Kang 1*, Jandee Lee 1,  \nJong Ju Jeong 1, Kee-Hyun Nam 1 and Woong Youn Chung 1  \n1 Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul,  \nRepublic of Korea, 2 Department of Surgery, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea  \nBackground: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is a good diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules; however, its high false-negative rate for giant nodules remains controversial. Many clinicians recommend surgical resection for nodules >4 cm owing to an increased risk of malignancy and an increased false-negative rate. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of this approach and investigate the incidence of malignancy in thyroid nodules >4 cm without suspicious cytology based on medical records in our center.  \nMethods: This was a retrospective analysis of 453 patients that underwent preoperative FNAB for nodules measuring >4 cm between January 2017 and August 2022 at Severance Hospital, Seoul.  \nResults: Among the 453 patients, 140 nodules were benign and 119 were indeterminate. Among 259 patients, the final pathology results were divided into benign (149) and cancerous (110) groups, and the prevalence of malignancy was 38 . 9% in the benign group and 55 . 5% in the indeterminate group. Among the malignancies, follicular carcinoma and follicular variants of papillary carcinoma were observed in 83% of the cytologically benign group and 62.8% of the indeterminate group.  \nConclusion: Preoperative FNAB had high false-negative rates and low diagnostic accuracy in patients with thyroid nodules >4 cm without suspicious cytologic features; therefore, diagnostic surgery may be considered a treatment option.  \nKEYWORDS  \nlarge thyroid nodule, FNAB (fine needle aspiration biopsy), biopsy, huge nodule, 4 cm, follicular growth pattern, benign cytology, cancer incidence  \n1 Introduction  \nThyroid nodules are commonly observed, and clinically palpable huge nodules are observed in approximately 4–7% of the population (1, 2) . Most thyroid nodules exhibit  \nFrontiers in Endocrinology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \nbenign characteristics; however, the prevalence of malignant nodules has increased rapidly in recent years. Ultrasonography (US) is an effective test for thyroid nodules; many countries worldwide use objective imaging reporting systems to assess the risk of nodule formation, and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is recommended. US-guided FNAB can be performed easily, has a high sensitivity and specificity of over 90%, and is the most reliable diagnostic tool for detec","cbCaignRO2Gy28I4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaignRO2Gy28I4","pdf",464726,"English","# Introduction\n# Materials and methods\n## Patients and methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the main question of the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study asks whether patients with thyroid nodules ≥4 cm but without suspicious cytology need diagnostic surgery, by evaluating malignancy incidence and FNAB performance.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study conducted?\",\"answer\":\"It used a retrospective review of 453 patients who underwent preoperative FNAB for nodules \\u003e4 cm between January 2017 and August 2022 at Severance Hospital, Seoul.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about malignancy rates?\",\"answer\":\"Among 453 patients, malignancy prevalence was 38.9% in the benign cytology group and 55.5% in the indeterminate cytology group after final pathology.\"}]","Do large thyroid nodules (≥4 cm) without suspicious cytology need surgery - Original Research | PDF",1790234762,18]