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DNA  \nAdductomics: A Narrative Review of Its Development, Applications, and Future. Biomolecules 2024, 14, 1173 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)biom14091173  \nAcademic Editor: Il Je Yu  \nReceived: 18 July 2024  \nRevised: 24 August 2024  \nAccepted: 10 September 2024  \nPublished: 19 September 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nSchool of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; [chizhuzhu@sjtu.edu.cn](chizhuzhu@sjtu.edu.cn)  \n* Correspondence: [xyzhang999@shsmu.edu.cn](xyzhang999@shsmu.edu.cn)  \nAbstract: DNA adductomics is the global study of all DNA adducts and was first proposed in 2006 by the Matsuda group. Its development has been greatly credited to the advances in mass spectrometric techniques, particularly tandem and multiple-stage mass spectrometry. In fact, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based methods are virtually the sole technique with practicality for DNA adductomic studies to date. At present, DNA adductomics is primarily used as a tool to search for DNA adducts, known and unknown, providing evidence for exposure to exogenous genotoxins and/or for the molecular mechanisms of their genotoxicity. Some DNA adducts discovered in this way have the potential to predict cancer risks and/or to be associated with adverse health outcomes. DNA adductomics has been successfully used to identify and determine exogenous carcinogens that may contribute to the etiology of certain cancers, including bacterial genotoxins and an N-nitrosamine. Also using the DNA adductomic approach, multiple DNA adductshave been observed to show age dependence and may serve as aging biomarkers. These achievements highlight the capability and power of DNA adductomics in the studies of medicine, biological science, and environmental science. Nonetheless, DNA adductomics is still in its infancy, and great advances are expected in the future.  \nKeywords: DNA adductomics; LC-MS/MS; detection; biomarkers  \n1. Introduction  \nScience is advancing toward comprehensiveness. Traditionally, in a complex system, a scientist selects an individual component element and then investigates the element carefully. Sometimes, a limited number of other elements that are related to a specific one, and the interactions among these elements are investigated together. This “one thing ata time” approach has provided the majority of our current knowledge. However, with such an approach, it is almost impossible to get a good understanding of the system. To address the issue, scientists have been taking a different approach, that is, investigating all component elements in a system at a time.  \nTake protein research as an example. A cell contains tens of thousands of different proteins; however, the traditional approach investigates only one protein or at most a few proteins at a time. Apparently, we cannot see the entirety as we are limited to a tiny fraction of cellular proteins and overlook the bigger picture. The situation is exactly what the idiom “cannot see the forest for the trees” means. Realizing the limitation of the traditional approach, researchers strive to “see the forest” through globally investigating all proteins at a time, that is, the proteomic approach.  \nIn scientific research, the trend toward comprehensiveness, accompanied by the advances in techniques, has led to the emergence of a new approach, i.e., glob","cbCaiodRdf0RrZw9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiodRdf0RrZw9","pdf",821406,"English","# Introduction\n## Omics and global investigation of molecular sets\n## DNA adductomics within the omics framework","[{\"question\":\"What is DNA adductomics and why was it proposed?\",\"answer\":\"DNA adductomics is the global study of all DNA adducts. It was first proposed in 2006 to study DNA adduct presence comprehensively in a given target.\"},{\"question\":\"Which analytical technique is described as most practical for DNA adductomics?\",\"answer\":\"Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based methods are described as virtually the sole practical technique for DNA adductomic studies, particularly LC-MS/MS.\"},{\"question\":\"How is DNA adductomics used in applications such as cancer risk and aging research?\",\"answer\":\"It helps screen for known and unknown DNA adducts linked to exposure to genotoxins and genotoxic mechanisms. Some discovered adducts may predict cancer risks or associate with adverse health outcomes, and multiple adducts can show age dependence to support aging biomarker development.\"}]","DNA Adductomics: A Narrative Review of Its Development, Applications, and Future | PDF",1789998553]