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It documents lower transfer rates for students attending colleges far from four-year institutions, identifies “university desert” tiers, and compares demographic patterns across tiers. It also analyzes distance-related nuances and highlights policy solutions to expand bachelor’s access and strengthen UC/CSU-aligned pathways.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/distance-matters-addressing-geographic-barriers-to-transfer-for-california-community-college-students-policy-brief-january-2025/587144/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/distance-matters-addressing-geographic-barriers-to-transfer-for-california-community-college-students-policy-brief-january-2025/587144.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Fahsai","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-12","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the policy brief focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It focuses on how geographic barriers limit transfer access for California community college students to CSU and UC bachelor’s degree pathways.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are “university desert” tiers in the brief?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The brief defines Tier 1 and Tier 2 based on whether students’ nearby public universities are within 80 miles or within 25 miles of their community colleges.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What transfer outcomes does the brief report for students intending to transfer?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Transfer-intending students at non-desert colleges show better outcomes, with 28% (Tier 1) and 33% (Tier 2) successfully transferring within six years versus 36% in non-desert regions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},587144,1792166813,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},549768702563,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/8000c4aa63b76e948b?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786536092046926083","POLICY BRIEF | January 2025  \nDistance Matters:  \nAddressing Geographic Barriers to Transfer for California Community College Students  \nEarning a bachelor’s degree is an increasingly necessary step for economic success, as economic opportunity for non-degree holders continues to shrink, and bachelor’s degree holders continue to earn more over the course of their lifetimes than those without a college degree. i While the transfer pathway from the California Community Colleges to the California State University (CSU) and University of California (UC) systems is a critical route to a bachelor’s degree in California, this pathway is out of reach for too many of California’s students.  \nThis brief provides solutions for California policymakers to ensure students in rural and remote regions of the state have access to bachelor’s degree programs and the economic opportunity and social benefits a bachelor’s degree affords.  \nIn November 2024, The RP Group released  \nDistance Matters: Exploring Geographic Barriers  to Transfer for California Community College  Students, in which we documented the lower transfer rates seen by students attending community colleges that are far away from four-year institutions. Students who live farther than 25 miles from their nearest public university are less likely to meet initial transfer milestones, and they are less likely to ultimately transfer to a four-year institution than their peers who live near a public university; outcomes decline even further for students at colleges over 80 miles away from the nearest public university.  \nOf the 113 community colleges included in the study,ii seven colleges had no public university within 80 miles (University Desert Tier 1), and 22 colleges had no public university within  \n25 miles (University Desert Tier 2) . These  \n29 campuses, shown in Figure 1, enroll students who are disproportionately Latine, low-income, and first-generation college  \nTwenty-nine community colleges lack a public California university within a 25-mile radius, and seven of these colleges have no public four-year institution within 80 miles.  \nFigure 1. University Deserts in the California Community Colleges System by Tier  \nstudents compared to their peers in non-desert areas. Table 1 shows the demographic characteristics of students attending colleges in each of the two university desert tiers and their peers in non-desert regions.  \nStudents in university deserts are more likely to be Latine, male, first-generation, and low-income students.  \nTable 1. Demographic Makeup of Students Within Each University Desert Tier  \n\n| Demographic | Category | University Desert Tier 1 |  | University\u003Cbr>Desert Tier 2\u003Cbr>Non-Desert |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Ethnicity/Race | Asian | 3% |  | 8% 17% |\n| Gender\u003Cbr>First Generation Low Income | Black/African American Latine\u003Cbr>Native American Pacific Islander Two or more races White\u003Cbr>Unknown race Female\u003Cbr>Male | 7%\u003Cbr>54%\u003Cbr>1%\u003Cbr>\u003C1%\u003Cbr>3%\u003Cbr>30%\u003Cbr>3%\u003Cbr>47%\u003Cbr>53% |  | 5%\u003Cbr>51%\u003Cbr>\u003C1%\u003Cbr>\u003C1%\u003Cbr>5%\u003Cbr>29%\u003Cbr>1%\u003Cbr>56%\u003Cbr>43%\u003Cbr>41%\u003Cbr>78%\u003Cbr>5%\u003Cbr>44%\u003Cbr>\u003C1%\u003Cbr>\u003C1%\u003Cbr>4%\u003Cbr>26%\u003Cbr>3%\u003Cbr>52%\u003Cbr>47%\u003Cbr>32%\u003Cbr>67% |\n|  |  | 37% |  |  |\n|  |  | 80% |  |  |\n\nNotes: University desert tier percentages with notably higher differences within each demographic group are highlighted in bold with a dark background. Due to rounding, percentages within a demographic category may equal more than 100% . The available gender data only included male and female categories.  \nThe Role of Distance  \nDistance is a key factor in students’ decisions about college, but there are important nuances in the way distance is felt by students. iii Some students may wish to stay closer to home for economic reasons, explaining low out-of-state transfer rates for low-income students. Others may have greater family or community obligations. Our data show Latine students transfer out of state at among the lowest rates across both university desert tiers and the non-deser","cbCaijQ6KYjcN1Gt","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijQ6KYjcN1Gt","pdf",1777034,"English","# Introduction\n# Findings: University Deserts and Demographics\n## The Role of Distance\n# Transfer Outcomes\n# Solutions for Policymakers","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the policy brief focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on how geographic barriers limit transfer access for California community college students to CSU and UC bachelor’s degree pathways.\"},{\"question\":\"What are “university desert” tiers in the brief?\",\"answer\":\"The brief defines Tier 1 and Tier 2 based on whether students’ nearby public universities are within 80 miles or within 25 miles of their community colleges.\"},{\"question\":\"What transfer outcomes does the brief report for students intending to transfer?\",\"answer\":\"Transfer-intending students at non-desert colleges show better outcomes, with 28% (Tier 1) and 33% (Tier 2) successfully transferring within six years versus 36% in non-desert regions.\"}]","Distance Matters - Addressing Geographic Barriers to Transfer for California Community College Students - Policy Brief January 2025 | PDF",1792060821,13]