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Although distance study organization and effectiveness are actively researched, the most appropriate and prospective organization model remains unclear, and insufficient attention is given to how distance study models are implemented and improved, especially for future development of distance and mixed formats. An empirical qualitative study analyzed the position on study quality among 132 first-cycle (bachelor) students from three Lithuanian universities using quantitative content analysis; key advantages were convenience and cost-effectiveness, while drawbacks involved deterioration of study organization and quality, and over two-thirds valued continued remote study after the pandemic.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/distance-education-quality-first-cycle-university-students-position/600294/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/distance-education-quality-first-cycle-university-students-position/600294.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"RuangKosong","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the study address about distance education?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It examines first-cycle (bachelor) university students’ position on study quality and how distance study organization should be implemented and improved, especially after the pandemic revealed gaps in preparedness and quality aspects.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the study conducted and analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"An empirical qualitative study involved 132 social sciences students from three Lithuanian universities (January–May 2022). Verbal data were analyzed using quantitative content analysis, grouping semantic units into subcategories and categories.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What advantages and disadvantages of distance studies did students report?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Students identified convenience and cost-effectiveness as main advantages. Disadvantages included deterioration of study organization and deterioration of quality. They also showed a positive view of continuing remote study after the pandemic.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},600294,1792738398,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090883219,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","OPEN ACCESS  \nResearch Article  \nContemporary Educational Technology, 2023, 15(3), ep434 ISSN: 1309-517X (Online)  \nDistance education quality: First-cycle university students’position  \nVincentas Lamanauskas 1*  \n 0000-0002-4130-7899  \nRita Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė 2  \n 0000-0003-1653-8094  \n1 Institute of Education, Vilnius University Šiauliai Academy, Siauliai, LITHUANIA  \n2 Institute of Educational Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, LITHUANIA  \n* [Corresponding author:](Corresponding author: vincentas.lamanauskas@sa.vu.lt)[ vincentas.lamanauskas@sa.vu.lt](Corresponding author: vincentas.lamanauskas@sa.vu.lt)  \nCitation: Lamanauskas, V., & Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, R. (2023) . Distance education quality: First-cycle university students’  \nposition. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(3), ep434. [https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13243](https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13243)  \nARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT  \n\n| Received: 12 Mar 2023\u003Cbr>Accepted: 22 Apr 2023 | It is obvious that the COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed learning and study processes. It has become a serious test for university students. Although distance study organization, implementation, effectiveness, and the like are actively researched, it is not entirely clear which way of organization studies is the most appropriate and prospective. Too little attention is still paid to the model of distance studies, its implementation and improvement, especially in the future development of distance and mixed distance study organization and implementation. An empirical qualitative study was conducted, the aim of which was to analyze first-cycle (bachelor study) university students’ position on the study quality issue. 132 students in the field of social sciences from three Lithuanian universities participated in the study conducted in January-May 2022. The verbal data obtained were analyzed using quantitative content analysis. The extracted semantic units were grouped into subcategories and categories. It was established that the main advantages of distance studies were convenience and cost-effectiveness, while disadvantages were the deterioration of the study organization and the deterioration of quality. The ways (directions) of quality distance study improvement can also be seen, i.e., the study process realization improvement (e.g., the content presentation improvement, an increase in interactivity), and study organization improvement (e.g., teacher competence improvement and optimization of the schedule) . Despite the revealed shortcomings, more than two-thirds of students positively value the possibility of continuing the study process remotely after the pandemic. More detailed research is needed on the impact of the pandemic on university studies and the further organization and implementation of distance studies.\u003Cbr>Keywords: distance education, quantitative content analysis, qualitative research, university students, university education |\n| --- | --- |\n| INTRODUCTION |  |\n\nSince the start of the pandemic, universities have essentially switched to distance learning at the sametime. The obvious thing is that in reality they were not fully and adequately prepared for such a situation. After 2020, a certain amount of experience has already been gained, and knowledge about distance study organization and implementation has been accumulated. Research on the available experience of organizing distance studies in new conditions allows us to draw relevant conclusions and provide insights for the future. It can be reasonably stated that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the entire education sector at all levels. A wide variety of problems emerged, e.g., social exclusion, education quality assurance, digital divide, competence issues of education participants, etc. On the other hand, the pandemic also caused certain transformations in university studies, created the conditions for a wider application of distance studies, and revealed more opportunities","cbCainCpDefM0lJX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainCpDefM0lJX","pdf",327515,14,"English","# Article info\n## Abstract\n## Introduction\n## International context\n## Quality of distance studies","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the study address about distance education?\",\"answer\":\"It examines first-cycle (bachelor) university students’ position on study quality and how distance study organization should be implemented and improved, especially after the pandemic revealed gaps in preparedness and quality aspects.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study conducted and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"An empirical qualitative study involved 132 social sciences students from three Lithuanian universities (January–May 2022). Verbal data were analyzed using quantitative content analysis, grouping semantic units into subcategories and categories.\"},{\"question\":\"What advantages and disadvantages of distance studies did students report?\",\"answer\":\"Students identified convenience and cost-effectiveness as main advantages. Disadvantages included deterioration of study organization and deterioration of quality. They also showed a positive view of continuing remote study after the pandemic.\"}]","Distance education quality - First-cycle university students’ position | PDF",1792090403,35]