[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-42976-en":3,"doc-seo-42976-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":95},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},42976,3848291630094,"Emma Wilson","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",8,"Research & Report","Discovery of a Ni-Ga Catalyst for Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Methanol","Methanol can support a more sustainable society if obtained by directly reducing CO2 with solar-generated hydrogen. The document reports a Ni-Ga intermetallic catalyst that converts CO2 to methanol at ambient pressure, identified via descriptor-based process analysis and computational screening. Synthesized catalyst series show Ni5Ga3 as highly active and selective. Compared with conventional Cu/ZnO/Al2O3, the Ni-Ga system delivers similar or higher methanol activity while substantially reducing CO from the reverse water–gas shift reaction, enabling low-pressure device concepts.","ARTICLES  \nPUBLISHED ONLINE: 2 MARCH 2014 | DOI: 10.1038/NCHEM.1873  \nDiscovery of a Ni-Ga catalyst for carbon dioxide reduction to methanol  \nFelix Studt1, Irek Sharafutdinov2, Frank Abild-Pedersen1, Christian F. Elkjær2, Jens S. Hummelshøj1, Søren Dahl2, Ib Chorkendorff2 and Jens K. Nørskov1,3 *  \nThe use of methanol as a fuel and chemical feedstock could become very important in the development of a more sustainable society if methanol could be efficiently obtained from the direct reduction of CO2 using solar-generated hydrogen. If hydrogen production is to be decentralized, small-scale CO2 reduction devices are required that operate at low pressures. Here, we report the discovery of a Ni-Ga catalyst that reduces CO2 to methanol at ambient pressure. The catalyst was identified through a descriptor-based analysis of the process and the use of computational methods to identify Ni-Ga intermetallic compounds as stable candidates with good activity. We synthesized and tested a series of catalysts and found that Ni5Ga3 is particularly active and selective. Comparison with conventional Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts revealed the same or better methanol synthesis activity, as well as considerably lower production of CO. We suggest that this is a first step towards the development of small-scale low-pressure devices for CO2 reduction to methanol.  \nN  \nature reduces CO2 photochemically to store energy, and devising an artificial process to replicate this remains one of the grand challenges in modern chemistry1–4. One possibility,  \nwhich is currently the subject of very active research, is a photo-electrochemical process, but finding an electrocatalyst that is selective and has a low overpotential is challenging5–11. An alternative approach would be to first generate molecular hydrogen via a photo-electrochemical process or an electrochemical process using electrical power from photovoltaic cells or wind turbines12,13 . If the hydrogen were then used in a heterogeneously catalysed process to reduce CO2 to methanol, a sustainable source of liquid fuel would be established.  \nToday, methanol is produced in large facilities from CO, CO2 and H2 (derived from fossil resources) in a high-pressure (50–100 bar) process using a Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst14. If hydrogen production is to be distributed and produced in small-scale devices, it would be attractive if the subsequent conversion of H2 into a liquid fuel could also be performed in simpler, low-pressure decentralized units. This is not, however, simply a case of reengineering the technology currently optimized for high-pressure conversion of syngas into methanol, because a low-pressure CO2 reduction process may require a different catalyst. Another challenge arises with the use of CO-free CO2 , which will lead to CO as a by-product of methanol via the reverse water–gas shift (rWGS) reaction. The production of CO not only reduces the yield of methanol—it also has a negative effect when methanol is used in fuel cells because CO poisons the Pt catalyst used. Using the industrial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst (which is optimized for different reaction conditions including a CO-rich feed) in low-pressure methanol synthesis leads to significant CO production, so new catalysts are needed to advance this field.  \nIn the present Article, we report the discovery of a new, nonprecious metal catalyst working at low pressure with similar or higher methanol yield than the current Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 methanol synthesis catalyst15–17. We use a computational descriptor-based approach to guide us towards a new class of Ni-Ga catalysts and  \nshow experimentally that it has the unique property that it reduces CO2 to methanol without producing large amounts of CO via the rWGS reaction.  \nResults  \nA large literature exists about the methanol synthesis reaction over supported copper catalysts18–28. Here, we consider the direct CO2 reduction to methanol. Grabow and Mavrikakis have considered many different reaction paths and suggested the fol","cbCaim16iKFR3S9U","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaim16iKFR3S9U","pdf",1047546,2,1,5,"English","en",105,"# Background and Motivation\n# Catalyst Discovery and Computational Approach\n# Results and Comparison With Cu/ZnO/Al2O3\n# Implications for Low-Pressure Devices","[{\"question\":\"Why is producing methanol from direct CO2 reduction considered important?\",\"answer\":\"Methanol is valuable as a fuel and chemical feedstock, and converting CO2 using solar-generated hydrogen supports a more sustainable society.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the Ni-Ga catalyst identified in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The catalyst class was identified using descriptor-based analysis combined with computational methods to find Ni-Ga intermetallic compounds predicted to be stable and active.\"},{\"question\":\"What makes Ni5Ga3 stand out among the tested catalysts?\",\"answer\":\"Ni5Ga3 shows particularly high activity and selectivity for reducing CO2 to methanol at ambient pressure.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the Ni-Ga catalyst compare with conventional Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts regarding CO formation?\",\"answer\":\"The Ni-Ga catalyst achieves similar or better methanol synthesis activity while producing considerably less CO, limiting losses linked to the reverse water–gas shift reaction and improving fuel-cell compatibility.\"}]",1783375170,13,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":90,"head_meta":92,"extra_data":94,"updated_unix":28},"discovery-of-a-ni-ga-catalyst-for-carbon-dioxide-reduction-to-methanol","",{"@graph":36,"@context":89},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/discovery-of-a-ni-ga-catalyst-for-carbon-dioxide-reduction-to-methanol/42976/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-13","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81,85],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"Why is producing methanol from direct CO2 reduction considered important?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Methanol is valuable as a fuel and chemical feedstock, and converting CO2 using solar-generated hydrogen supports a more sustainable society.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How was the Ni-Ga catalyst identified in the study?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The catalyst class was identified using descriptor-based analysis combined with computational methods to find Ni-Ga intermetallic compounds predicted to be stable and active.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What makes Ni5Ga3 stand out among the tested catalysts?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Ni5Ga3 shows particularly high activity and selectivity for reducing CO2 to methanol at ambient pressure.",{"name":86,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":87},"How does the Ni-Ga catalyst compare with conventional Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts regarding CO formation?",{"text":88,"@type":76},"The Ni-Ga catalyst achieves similar or better methanol synthesis activity while producing considerably less CO, limiting losses linked to the reverse water–gas shift reaction and improving fuel-cell compatibility.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":91,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":93,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":96},[97,101,105,109,113,118,123,126,131,134,138],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Story & 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