[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-602506-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-602506-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","discovering-a-route-to-revitalize-the-foundations-of-education-reflective-thinking-from-theory-to-practice","Discovering a Route to Revitalize the Foundations of Education - Reflective Thinking from Theory to Practice","","The text argues that the Foundations of Education risk losing relevance and calls for a critical reexamination of how American education’s ideological base shapes democratic ideals. It proposes that educators can revitalize teaching and learning by using Foundations of Education as a guide, strengthening commitments to equal opportunity, democracy, and social justice. Central attention is given to Dewey’s philosophy of education and how H. Gordon Hullfish translated reflective thinking practices into classroom methodology for diverse learners and contemporary issues.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/discovering-a-route-to-revitalize-the-foundations-of-education-reflective-thinking-from-theory-to-practice/602506/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/discovering-a-route-to-revitalize-the-foundations-of-education-reflective-thinking-from-theory-to-practice/602506.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"pixelkiddo","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why does the author urge a reexamination of the ideological foundations of American education?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Because the Foundations of Education may become extinct, and the author argues educators are overdue in critically reviewing how those ideological underpinnings affect democratic ideals.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does reflective thinking connect to democratic ideals in the text?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The author presents reflective thinking as a cornerstone that promotes and preserves democratic ideals, describing it as foundational to Educational Foundations in America and central to Hullfish’s work.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What role do Dewey’s ideas play in Hullfish’s teaching approach?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The text emphasizes Dewey’s educational philosophy as the influence behind Hullfish’s reflective thinking methodology, framing Hullfish’s career as a path that aligned with Dewey’s pursuit of democratic ideals.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},602506,1792172579,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090883892,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e00115db34f3e0f11b?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1790152879550218658","C. Gregg Jorgensen is an associate professor in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction of the College of Education and Human Services at Western Illinois University, Macomb, Illinois.  \nDiscovering a Route to Revitalize  \nthe Foundations of Education: Reflective Thinking  \nfrom Theory to Practice  \nBy C. Gregg Jorgensen  \nPrelude  \nIf the Foundations of Education are in danger of becoming extinct, then we are long overdue in critically reexamining how the ideological foundationsofAmerican education impact the development and growth of democratic ideals. I suggest that it is possible for educators, as individuals, to initiate and sustain a process of analyzing and revitalizing teaching and learning using the Foundations of Education as a guide. In addition toreconstituting Foundations of Education, the aim is to solidify the commitment to our ideals of equal opportunity and democracy in schooling within an overarching concern for social justice.  \nIn considering issues of social justice and educational equity, Linda Darling-Hammond (2006)examines teachers who make a serious commitment to their studentsas individuals and also asa collective. Importantly, she found that the teachers who shared this commitment  \nhad a wide ranging and extensive knowledge base from which to draw upon in this process. Not only were such teachers aware of the needs of their students, both from an individual and group perspective, but also these teachers were able to provide for such needs due to the fact that the teachers understood the teaching and learning process as an extremely complex and multifaceted approach that embodies extensive knowledge of methods, cultural understandings, and developmentally appropriate strategies. Darling-Hammond indicates that teachers who possess this dedication are more likely tobe prepared to teach all learners, including students ina low-income socioeconomic status. Thus, Darling-Hammond highlights teaching and learning in a very real sense.  \nReflecting on Darling-Hammond’s premise calling for a serious teacher commitment to diverse learners, the key question is how do individual educators, or groups of educators, start? I suggest that it would benefit educators to first look back to ideas and ideals of teaching that emanated from noted scholars in the early part of the 20th century. In particular, I believe a good starting point is an examination of the merger of John Dewey’s philosophy of education as translated into teaching practices by H. Gordon Hullfish, a renowned educator who taught atThe Ohio State University from the early 1920s to 1961. The reason is that both of these noted individuals promoted and developed concepts of reflective thinking practices in the classroom—an essential educational process from which the Foundations of Education evolve. Indeed, Dewey (1927) held,“To learn in a human way and to human effect isnot just to acquire added skill through refinement of original capacities”(p. 154) .  \nIntroduction  \nSome scholars of the early 1900s initiated notions of a democratic classroom in public schools that fostered H. Gordon Hullfish’s ideas surrounding reflective thinking teaching (Stern, 2013) . In this article, I will examine Hullfish’s teaching and learning methodology involving reflective thinking. Primary to this discussion are the questions: How did H. Gordon Hullfish arrive at these ideas and ideals, and, how can his approach become applicable to contemporary issues of Educational Foundations?  \nIcontend that education for social problems—a platform from which to initiate teaching and learning in reflective thinking—began with the birth of social studies as a subject in 1916.At that time, John Dewey’s ideas for democracy and education were imbedded in the third and final report recommendations of the 1916 Committee on Social Studies. This Report was created at the direction ofthe Commission for the Reorganization of Secondary Education under the auspices of the National Education","cbCailCeHpyaQNHs","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailCeHpyaQNHs","pdf",110038,13,"English","# Prelude\n## Reflective thinking from theory to practice\n# Introduction\n## Democratic classroom and educational foundations\n# Background: Recognizing a Need in Education","[{\"question\":\"Why does the author urge a reexamination of the ideological foundations of American education?\",\"answer\":\"Because the Foundations of Education may become extinct, and the author argues educators are overdue in critically reviewing how those ideological underpinnings affect democratic ideals.\"},{\"question\":\"How does reflective thinking connect to democratic ideals in the text?\",\"answer\":\"The author presents reflective thinking as a cornerstone that promotes and preserves democratic ideals, describing it as foundational to Educational Foundations in America and central to Hullfish’s work.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do Dewey’s ideas play in Hullfish’s teaching approach?\",\"answer\":\"The text emphasizes Dewey’s educational philosophy as the influence behind Hullfish’s reflective thinking methodology, framing Hullfish’s career as a path that aligned with Dewey’s pursuit of democratic ideals.\"}]","Discovering a Route to Revitalize the Foundations of Education - Reflective Thinking from Theory to Practice | PDF",1792094788,33]