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Music educators still must produce musically literate students who can complete demanding upper secondary music courses. This intervention study accelerates music literacy acquisition for Year 7 students using a scripted Direct Instruction (DI) program implemented across 20 lessons over 13 weeks. Results show significant gains, particularly in rhythmic literacy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/direct-instruction-and-music-literacy-one-approach-to-augmenting-the-diminishing-class-time/593495/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/direct-instruction-and-music-literacy-one-approach-to-augmenting-the-diminishing-class-time/593495.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jasmine","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why was Direct Instruction chosen for the music literacy intervention?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Direct Instruction was selected because its proponents argue it is effective and time-efficient for teaching basic skills, which is relevant given diminishing class time.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the DI program implemented in the study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A carefully scripted 10-minute-per-lesson DI music literacy program was delivered at the start of each lesson over 20 lessons across a trimester.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What assessment tools were used to measure music literacy gains?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Music literacy levels were tested using Gordon’s Iowa Tests for Music Literacy at both pre-test and post-test stages.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},593495,1792077356,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},2336478487870,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Direct instruction and music literacy: one approach to augmenting the diminishing?  \nGeoffrey Lowe  \nEdith Cowan University  \nSteven Belcher  \nBallarat Clarendon College  \nAbstract  \nOne of the many challenges facing music educators is diminishing class time in lower secondary school in the face of the increasingly crowded curriculum and the advent of arts ‘taster’ courses. However, music educators are still expected to be able to produce musically literate students capable of completing high level music courses in upper secondary school. This article reports on an intervention study which set out to accelerate music literacy acquisition among Year 7 students through use of a Direct Instruction (DI) teaching approach. Although controversial, Direct Instruction was chosen because its advocates claim its effectiveness and time efficiency in teaching basic skills. The study involved the development of a carefully scripted 10 minute per lesson DI music literacy program which was then implemented in a control group research setting. Two classes of Year 7 students (40 students) were taught music literacy via the DI program, while two separate Year 7 classes (34 students) acted as the control group. The intervention was administered over a trimester of 20 lessons (13 weeks), with levels of student music literacy tested via Gordon’s Iowa Tests for Music Literacy at both the pre and post-test stages. The results revealed significant increases in music literacy levels among the DI classes, especially on the measures of rhythmic literacy. Given these results, the researchers recommend further investigation of the potential of DI as an instructional method in music education for better utilising diminishing class teaching time and improving student music literacy levels among lower secondary school students.  \nKey words: direct instruction, music literacy, secondary school music education  \nAustralian Journal of Music Education 2012:1, 3-13  \nIntroduction  \nSecondary school music teachers are facing the increasing problem of diminishing class time in an increasingly crowded curriculum (Burke, 2007). The creation ofthe Arts Learning Area has seen the teaching time available for class music reduced in many instances, as sequential class music makes way for short term ‘arts taster’programs (Stevens, 2005; Walker, 2005) . However, music teachers are still expected to produce  \nmusically literate students potentially capable of undertaking post-compulsory music courses in upper secondary school. Accordingly, maximising diminishing class time is becoming increasingly important for music teachers, especially in the preparation of students potentially able to complete senior secondary music courses.  \nThis study set out to examine the effectiveness of a music literacy intervention designed to accelerate literacy acquisition and recall among students in their first year of secondary school  \n(Year 7). The study employed the pedagogical approach of Direct Instruction (DI) as its theoretical basis. While somewhat at odds with mainstream educational thinking because of its teachercentred nature, proponents of DI claim it is an efficient method for fast tracking basic skills acquisition. Using the DI approach, a series of carefully scripted 10 minute lesson interventions were constructed, and delivered at the start of each lesson over the course of 20 lessons (13 weeks) to half of aYear 7 student cohort in a major Victorian secondary school, while the other half of the cohort were taught using traditional studentcentred approaches. Pre-and post-testing of the levels of students’ musical literacy, using Gordon’s Iowa Tonal and Rhythm Tests as a benchmark, was undertaken to determine whether the DI intervention resulted in any significant differences to Year 7 student music literacy levels over the period of the intervention.  \nThe study was carried out in the knowledge that music educators are coming under increasing pressure with diminishing class tim","cbCaitj9aV0EURVE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitj9aV0EURVE","pdf",532337,11,"English","# Introduction\n## Study aim and context\n## Background\n## Direct Instruction intervention design and evaluation","[{\"question\":\"Why was Direct Instruction chosen for the music literacy intervention?\",\"answer\":\"Direct Instruction was selected because its proponents argue it is effective and time-efficient for teaching basic skills, which is relevant given diminishing class time.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the DI program implemented in the study?\",\"answer\":\"A carefully scripted 10-minute-per-lesson DI music literacy program was delivered at the start of each lesson over 20 lessons across a trimester.\"},{\"question\":\"What assessment tools were used to measure music literacy gains?\",\"answer\":\"Music literacy levels were tested using Gordon’s Iowa Tests for Music Literacy at both pre-test and post-test stages.\"}]","Direct instruction and music literacy - one approach to augmenting the diminishing class time | PDF",28]