[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-601399-105":59,"doc-detail-601399-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","dinamika-ilmu-vol-22-no-2-2022","DINAMIKA ILMU - Vol. 22 No. 2, 2022","","Research determines students’ perceptions of school among learners studying in five EU countries (Spain, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania) and the candidate country Turkey. Data come from a student opinion form designed by the researchers and analyzed through content analysis. Most students show positive perceptions, describing school using learning, friendship, future, development, responsibility, and home/family metaphors, alongside emotions such as success, happiness, trust, and respect. About 13% report negative perceptions, citing compulsion and metaphors of physical and emotional discomfort and restricted freedom, with both individual and organizational reasons.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/dinamika-ilmu-vol-22-no-2-2022/601399/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/dinamika-ilmu-vol-22-no-2-2022/601399.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What countries are included in the study on students’ perceptions of school?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study covers students in Spain, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and the candidate country Turkey.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the data collected and analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Researchers used a student opinion form and analyzed the responses using content analysis.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What patterns distinguish students with positive versus negative perceptions of school?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Positive-perception students describe school with learning and future-related concepts, positive emotions, and home/family metaphors. Negative-perception students describe school through metaphors of discomfort and restricted freedom and report reasons that include individual and organizational factors.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601399,1792191672,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","DINAMIKA ILMU  \nVol. 22 No. 2, 2022  \nP-ISSN: 1411-3031; E-ISSN: 2442-9651  \ndoi: [http://doi.org/10.21093/di.v22i2.4911](http://doi.org/10.21093/di.v22i2.4911)  \nSchools Through the Perspective of Students from Different Countries: The Case of Spain, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania,  \nand Turkey*  \nYurdagul Dogus  \nMilli Eğitim Bakanlığı, Turkey  \n[e-mail: yurdaguldogus@gmail.com](e-mail: yurdaguldogus@gmail.com)  \nMehmet Ozdogru  \nKütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, Turkey  \n[e-mail: mehmetozdogru26@gmail.com](e-mail: mehmetozdogru26@gmail.com)  \nAbstract  \nThis research was carried out to determine the perceptions of schools of students studying in five European Union countries (Spain, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania) and the candidate country Turkey. In the study, the data were obtained through the student opinion form created by the researchers and analyzed by content analysis. In the study, it was determined that most of the students had a positive perception towards the school and described the school with positive concepts, metaphors, emotions, and values. Students with a positive perception of school have described school with the concepts of learning, friendship, future, development, entertainment, life, responsibility; positive emotions such as success, happiness, trust, pleasure, interest, love, joy, and respect; value expressions such as helpfulness, friendship, empathy; and with the house, family, home metaphors. It has also been understood that some of the students (13%) have a negative perception of school, they do not like school, and they continue to school because it is compulsory. It was among the findings of the research that the students with a negative perception of school have described school by metaphors expressing physical and emotional discomfort such as boredom, suffering, headache, burnout; and metaphors emphasizing the restriction of freedom such as prison, captivity, and watch tower. In addition, it has been determined that students with negative perceptions have individual and organizational reasons for these perceptions. In the research, it was concluded that there are common meanings in students’perceptions of school in different countries towards the school, and no matter what  \nlanguage they speak, the students describe the school with similar thoughts and feelings. In this direction, suggestions have been made to increase the awareness of executives and policymakers about students' perceptions of school, to consider the interests and needs of students in the physical design of schools, to implement support programs that will enable students to develop a positive perception of the school, and to conduct longitudinal studies examining the reasons for these perceptions of students with negative perceptions.  \nKeywords: School dropout, Schools in Europe, Students’ perception of school  \n* This research was supported by the European Union within the scope of the Erasmus+ project numbered 2020-1-TR01-KA229-093405_1.  \nA. Introduction  \nSchool is the most important organization in which individuals acquire cognitive, affective, psychomotor, social, and aesthetic skills. Discussions about schools have been going on for many years because of its importance. According to some scientists, writers and philosophers, the school has been transferring people's knowledge to future generations since the Sumerians, preparing young people for life (Kremer, 2014), raising them as good people, good citizens, good producers, and good consumers (Aydin, 2019, p. 7) is a meaningful and important institution that revives the masses (Ucak & Dogan, 2020) . According to some, it is an organization whose structure needs to be changed and updated (Dewey, 1956; Kilpatrick, 1921; Montessori, 1988). According to some, it is a structure that explains the opposite of those. In addition to the authors who envision a life without school (Illich, 2018), there are those who define school by concepts such as \"mind murder\" (Key, 190","cbCaijY8rZGL2WM8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijY8rZGL2WM8","pdf",294714,22,"English","# Abstract\n## A. Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What countries are included in the study on students’ perceptions of school?\",\"answer\":\"The study covers students in Spain, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and the candidate country Turkey.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the data collected and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"Researchers used a student opinion form and analyzed the responses using content analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"What patterns distinguish students with positive versus negative perceptions of school?\",\"answer\":\"Positive-perception students describe school with learning and future-related concepts, positive emotions, and home/family metaphors. Negative-perception students describe school through metaphors of discomfort and restricted freedom and report reasons that include individual and organizational factors.\"}]","DINAMIKA ILMU - Vol. 22 No. 2, 2022 | PDF",1792092537,55]