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Using Critical Discourse Analysis, the research analyzes each website’s discursive strategies, showing how both establish a “we versus them” dichotomy and how each marginalizes the other via “Absent News.”",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/dinamika-ilmu-vol-15-no-1-polarized-discourse-in-the-egyptian-news-critical-discourse-analysis-perspective/600737/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/dinamika-ilmu-vol-15-no-1-polarized-discourse-in-the-egyptian-news-critical-discourse-analysis-perspective/600737.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"dhado","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main goal of the study on polarized discourse?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The study aims to investigate ideological structures of polarized discourse encoded in reports from two online news websites.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Which websites and events are analyzed in the research?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The analysis covers reports from egyptindependent and ikwanweb, focusing on three interrelated events tied to Egypt’s constitutional declaration and the aftermath clashes and draft constitution.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How does the study explain polarization in the news reports?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Polarized discourse is traced through quotation patterns and labeling, showing how both websites form a “we versus them” dichotomy and marginalize the other through “Absent News.”","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},600737,1792191681,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},5909893218464,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Dinamika Ilmu  \nP-ISSN: 1411-3031; E-ISSN: 2442-9651  2015, Vol. 15 No. 1  \nPolarized Discourse in the Egyptian News: Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective  \nMohammed Mahmoud Eissa  \nEnglish Department, Faculty of arts, Suez University, Egypt [issaonline2010@yahoo.com](issaonline2010@yahoo.com)  \nAbstract  \nThe aim of this study is to investigate ideological structures of polarized discourse coded in the reports of two online news websites: egyptindependent and ikwanweb. The study focuses on online news reports relating to three interrelated events: the issuing of a constitutional declaration by Egyptian president, the aftermath clashes outside presidential palace and the issuing of the Egyptian draft constitution. The analysis of these reports is conducted within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis. The features of the ideologies of polarized discourse are traced through: Quotation patterns and Labeling. The study concludes with a discussion of how both websites establish a dichotomy of we versus them. In addition, the reports of each website marginalize the other through what is termed as ' Absent News'.  \nKeywords: polarization, quotation patterns, labeling, CDA, news actors, ideological square, stereotypes  \nA. Introduction  \nSince 25 January 2011, Egyptian revolution has been in the limelight for its uniqueness and the dramatic changes it caused in the Middle East in general and in Egypt in particular. One of these dramatic changes is the media manipulation of events. To be precise there has been ‘media war’ among different opposing parties. Mass media played a noticeable role in deepening points of difference and polarization reaching a tug-of-war.  \nIn this context, this research detects the different forms of polarized discourse represented by news reports in two news websites: Ikhwanweb and Egyptindepenedent. The rationale behind choosing those websites in particular is their representation of two different ideologies. Ikhwanweb is the official  \nEnglish mouthpiece of the Muslim Brotherhood which is the ruling power now in Egypt. In contrast, Egyptindepenedent represents the liberal and opposing viewpoint to the ruling power.  \nThrough complete investigation of news reports in both websites, this study probes for the answer of these questions:  \na- Do both sites use ‘polarized discourse’ in their presentation of news actors and events?  \nb- If yes, do they establish the square of ‘in’ and ‘out’ groups?  \n(Van Dijk, 1998)  \nB. Literature Review  \nRevising the recent annals of literature in terms of Critical Discourse Analysis, the media, rhetoric etc., a considerable amount of literature has been published in various discourse and genres (Martin, 2001; Richardson, 2004; Cap & Okulska, 2013; Kazemian et al., 2013; Fauzan, 2014; Kazemian & Hashemi, 2014b; Kazemian & Hashemi, 2014a; Noor et al., 2015; Ali & Kazemian, 2015; Fauzan, 2015; Ali et al., 2015; Zhou & Kazemian, 2015) . Prior studies have tended to focus on some other genres and discourses; however, to date few studies have been found that surveyed the current topic of this study. This study is unique in the sense that it attempts to bridge the gap among previous studies by investigating ideological structures of polarized discourse coded in the reports of two online news websites: egyptindependent and ikwanweb.  \nThis study adopts Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as its analytic paradigm focusing on the works of Fairclough (1995b), Fairclough (1995a), Fowler, Hodge, Kress, & Trew (1979), Fowler (1991), Van Dijk (1988), Van Dijk (1991), Van Dijk (1993), Van Dijk (1996), Van Dijk (1998) & Van Dijk (2000) . In its essence, CDA departs the idea of mere description of structural forms of discourse to relating these forms to social practices.  \nAccording to Fowler (1991), Critical Linguistics  \n“Simply means an enquiry into the relations between signs, meanings and the social and historical conditions which govern thesemiotic structure of discourse, using ","cbCaicslKjTfHozL","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicslKjTfHozL","pdf",519068,31,"English","# A. Introduction\n# B. Literature Review","[{\"question\":\"What is the main goal of the study on polarized discourse?\",\"answer\":\"The study aims to investigate ideological structures of polarized discourse encoded in reports from two online news websites.\"},{\"question\":\"Which websites and events are analyzed in the research?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis covers reports from egyptindependent and ikwanweb, focusing on three interrelated events tied to Egypt’s constitutional declaration and the aftermath clashes and draft constitution.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study explain polarization in the news reports?\",\"answer\":\"Polarized discourse is traced through quotation patterns and labeling, showing how both websites form a “we versus them” dichotomy and marginalize the other through “Absent News.”\"}]","Dinamika Ilmu - Vol. 15 No. 1 - Polarized Discourse in the Egyptian News - Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective | PDF",1792091286,78]