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Tolerancing is often a manual, expertise-dependent step that can raise cost and blur the boundary with redesign. This work investigates how surface-finish information relates to dimensional tolerance requirements for features, using machining realization and accurate surface-parameter measurement as an integration of visual process determination and metrology. The proposed tolerance approximation provides a reliable starting point for limiting deviations and supports further automation of CAD modelling for RE applications.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/dimensional-tolerance-approximation-for-reverse-engineering-applications-paper/664839/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/dimensional-tolerance-approximation-for-reverse-engineering-applications-paper/664839.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Danger Angel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What problem does dimensional tolerance accommodation address in reverse engineering CAD modelling?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"After completing a solid CAD model, tolerances and constraints must be accommodated for both dimensional values and surface features, which is difficult and often manual in RE.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"Why is manual tolerancing in RE costly and expertise-dependent?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"The conventional tolerancing stage depends heavily on the operator’s design expertise, requiring technical skills to analyze the component’s assembly and increasing RE cost.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"How does the research connect surface finish information with dimensional tolerance requirements?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"It investigates the relationship between surface-finish information of a feature and its dimensional tolerance needs by using machining realization to establish a typical dimensional tolerance requirement, combining visual machining determination with accurate measurement of surface parameters.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},664839,1793275198,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":46},962090769052,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","INTERNATIONAL DESIGN CONFERENCE-DESIGN 2006 Dubrovnik-Croatia, May 15-18, 2006.  \nDIMENSIONAL TOLERANCE APPROXIMATION FOR  \nREVERSE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS  \nJ. Jamshidi, A. R. Mileham and G. W. Owen  \nKeywords: tolerance, reverse engineering, CAD modelling  \n1. Introduction  \nReverse Engineering (RE) is the process of extracting design information from an existing part for which such information is unavailable or mislaid. It is desirable to create a complete CAD model from the part to benefit from the computerised analysis and manufacturing software. The first problem after the completion of the solid CAD model with detailed features is the accommodation of tolerances and constraints to the dimensional values and to the surface features. This process is conventionally a manual stage in the RE of the mechanical components, which is heavily dependent on the design expertise of the RE operator. This consequently requires technical expertise to be able to analyse the assembly to which the desired component belongs to, that can increase the cost of RE. Moreover it can be argued that such a method is a redesign of the desired component rather than RE.  \nCAD models, as one of the key inputs of many automated manufacturing and production systems, should include all the relevant and essential information on each and every feature of the componentso it can be manufactured. For instance, a particular hole feature in a CAD model can be manufactured once the type, position, diameter, depth, surface finish requirement, including the tolerance on all of the parameters and constraints are known. It is understood that the initial dimension placed on the features in any drawing or CAD model should be the exact dimension that would be used if it was possible to work without tolerances [Oberg et al, 2004] . However the tolerancing is required to make the part cost effective and feasible to manufacture. In the case of sensitive parts or features, the tolerance should be defined in more detail including geometrical features such as waviness, cylindricity, perpendicularity.  \nIn this research, the relationship between the surface finish information of a given feature and the dimensional tolerance requirement of the feature is investigated. The machining realisation of the feature is used to establish a typical dimensional tolerance requirement. This is an integration of visually determining the machining process and accurate measurement of the surface parameters. Although the initial RE tolerance typically has larger variations over the feature’s dimensions due to its approximation nature, it is a reliable starting point to limit the tolerance deviation on the feature’s dimensions for manufacturing purposes. It is possible to integrate the tolerancing procedure for the further automation of CAD modelling systems [Jamshidi et al, 2005] for RE applications.  \n2. Literature Review  \nUncertainties in manufacturing bring non-uniformity to production, which results in differences in the products that are coming out of the same process. On the other hand Deming [Drake, 2001] states that the quality of the products is normally a direct function of the consistency of the individual parts that are produced in a production line. This inevitably requires more control over the manufacturing processes, which increases the cost of finished product. Moreover examples can be given of some features occurring on many products that do not require accurate dimensions. Therefore an optimum  \nDEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES 855  \nsolution should be thought of to minimise the cost of finished products while maintaining the functionality and other performances of the part. One approach the designers use is to define an allowable limit, or tolerance to the proposed dimensions, in a variety of in house (company) or international standard forms. In common practice, tolerances are permissible in directions that are less dangerous [Oberg et al, 2004] .  \nDepending on the ","cbCaibXaialYHChS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibXaialYHChS","pdf",226656,"English","# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Literature Review","[{\"question\":\"What problem does dimensional tolerance accommodation address in reverse engineering CAD modelling?\",\"answer\":\"After completing a solid CAD model, tolerances and constraints must be accommodated for both dimensional values and surface features, which is difficult and often manual in RE.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is manual tolerancing in RE costly and expertise-dependent?\",\"answer\":\"The conventional tolerancing stage depends heavily on the operator’s design expertise, requiring technical skills to analyze the component’s assembly and increasing RE cost.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the research connect surface finish information with dimensional tolerance requirements?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates the relationship between surface-finish information of a feature and its dimensional tolerance needs by using machining realization to establish a typical dimensional tolerance requirement, combining visual machining determination with accurate measurement of surface parameters.\"}]","DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCE APPROXIMATION FOR REVERSE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS - Paper | PDF"]