[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-368137-105":59,"doc-detail-368137-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","digestive-cancers-mechanisms-therapeutics-and-management","Digestive cancers - mechanisms, therapeutics and management","","Digestive cancers drive substantial cancer morbidity and mortality globally, with etiologies and molecular characteristics that vary widely across tumor types. Advances in genomic and functional research have clarified key genetic drivers and immune interaction points, enabling translation into emerging treatment concepts and targets. This review summarizes the etiology and molecular pathology of six major digestive cancers—esophageal, gastric, biliary tract, pancreatic, hepatocellular, and colorectal—alongside stage-dependent pharmacological management including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. It also discusses therapeutic resistance shaped by tumor heterogeneity and immune evasion, and outlines future strategies such as CAR-T cell therapy, antibody-drug conjugates, and targeted therapies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/digestive-cancers-mechanisms-therapeutics-and-management/368137/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/digestive-cancers-mechanisms-therapeutics-and-management/368137.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Himbo","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-24","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What do genomic and functional studies contribute to understanding digestive cancers?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They provide insights into tumor biology by identifying genetic drivers of progression and key interaction points between tumor cells and the immune system. This knowledge supports the development of new treatment concepts and targets.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which digestive cancer types are covered in the review?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review covers esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, biliary tract cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the review describe therapeutic management options for these cancers?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It describes stage-dependent pharmacological management, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. For each cancer entity, it summarizes recent therapeutic advances and research progress.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},368137,1790218647,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},687197100911,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1785132997149421697","Signal Transduction [and Targeted Therapy](and Targeted Therapy www.nature.com/sigtrans)[ www.nature.com/sigtrans](and Targeted Therapy www.nature.com/sigtrans)  \nREVIEW ARTICLE  \nOPEN  \nDigestive cancers: mechanisms, therapeutics and management  \nTianzuo Zhan1,2,3,4, Johannes Betge1,2,3,5, Nadine Schulte 1,3, Lena Dreikhausen1,4, Michael Hirth 1, Moying Li1, Philip Weidner 1, Antonia Leipertz1, Andreas Teufel 1 and Matthias P. Ebert1,2,3,4 ✉  \n|  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  | Cancers of the digestive system are major contributors to global cancer-associated morbidity and mortality, accounting for 35% of annual cases of cancer deaths. The etiologies, molecular features, and therapeutic management of these cancer entities are highly heterogeneous and complex. Over the last decade, genomic and functional studies have provided unprecedented insights into the biology of digestive cancers, identifying genetic drivers of tumor progression and key interaction points of tumor cells with the immune system. This knowledge is continuously translated into novel treatment concepts and targets, which are dynamically reshaping the therapeutic landscape of these tumors. In this review, we provide a concise overview of the etiology and molecular pathology of the six most common cancers of the digestive system, including esophageal, gastric, biliary tract, pancreatic, hepatocellular, and colorectal cancers. We comprehensively describe the current stage-dependent pharmacological management of these malignancies, including chemo-, targeted, and immunotherapy. For each cancer entity, we provide an overview of recent therapeutic advancements and research progress. Finally, we describe how novel insights into tumor heterogeneity and immune evasion deepen our understanding of therapy resistance and provide an outlook on innovative therapeutic strategies that will shape the future management of digestive cancers, including CAR-T cell therapy, novel antibody-drug conjugates and targeted |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n|  |  |  |\n| therapies. |  |  |\n|  | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (2025)10:24 ; [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-02097-4](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-02097-4) |  |\n|  |  |  |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nMalignancies of the digestive system, including gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary cancers, are major contributors to global cancer morbidity and mortality. Colorectal and gastric adenocarcinomas are among the cancer entities with the highest global incidence. Together, the most prevalent digestive cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), esophageal cancer, gastric cancer (GC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) account for up to 33–35% of cancer-related deaths worldwide.1,2 CRC remains the most common digestive cancer in all regions of the world except Africa. Particularly in high-income countries, the introduction of complex multimodal therapies and surveillance programs has led to a significant reduction in CRC-related mortality over the past decades.1,3,4 Increasing incidence, particularly in developing countries, as well as a shift in the age at diagnosis with an increasing proportion of younger CRC patients pose new challenges in prevention and treatment for this cancer entity. A similar trend towards an increasing subgroup of younger patients has been observed for GC. At the same time, global incidence and mortality associated with GC have decreased in recent decades, either due to the implementation of screening programs in high-risk regions such as Korea or Japan5,6 or due to improvements in hygiene and treatment of H. pylori infection.7 However, on a global scale, early detection of gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma remains the exception and most cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage  \nwith an overall high mortality. Together with the significant increase in the pre","cbCaiaLIVd0wujvY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaLIVd0wujvY","pdf",4780357,39,"English","# Digestive cancers: mechanisms, therapeutics and management\n## Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What do genomic and functional studies contribute to understanding digestive cancers?\",\"answer\":\"They provide insights into tumor biology by identifying genetic drivers of progression and key interaction points between tumor cells and the immune system. This knowledge supports the development of new treatment concepts and targets.\"},{\"question\":\"Which digestive cancer types are covered in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review covers esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, biliary tract cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the review describe therapeutic management options for these cancers?\",\"answer\":\"It describes stage-dependent pharmacological management, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. For each cancer entity, it summarizes recent therapeutic advances and research progress.\"}]","Digestive cancers - mechanisms, therapeutics and management | PDF",1790175200,98]