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This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated and compared the diagnostic performance of CD56, SMAD4, CEA, and p53 using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Analysis included 54 CCA specimens and 27 non-cancerous pancreatobiliary tissues collected between 2018 and 2022, with statistical significance set at p\u003C0.05.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/diagnostic-value-of-biomarkers-in-the-diagnosis-of-cholangiocarcinoma-and-its-benign-mimickers/370607/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/diagnostic-value-of-biomarkers-in-the-diagnosis-of-cholangiocarcinoma-and-its-benign-mimickers/370607.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sarah ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which biomarkers were assessed for diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study evaluated CD56, SMAD4, CEA, and p53 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC).","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What type of study design and sample size were used?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A retrospective cross-sectional design was used with 54 CCA specimens and 27 non-cancerous pancreatobiliary tissue samples.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the study conclude about CEA and p53 versus SMAD4 and CD56?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"CEA and p53 expression were associated with the occurrence of CCA, while SMAD4 loss and CD56 expression were not statistically significantly associated.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},370607,1790245782,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46},962085320529,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Iranian Journal of Pathology | ISSN: 2345-3656  \nDiagnostic Value of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Cholangiocarcinoma and Its  \nBenign Mimickers  \nElmira Zolfeghari Khiavy 1, Nasser Rakhshani 2, Hamid Rezvani 3*, Behnaz Bouzari 1, Hossein Ajdarkosh 2, Mahshid Panahi 1, Hemin Ashayeri 4, Seyed Mir Yaghub Musaviani 1, Soheil Khalili 1, Ali Basi 5, Mohammad Hadi  \nKarbalaie Niya 2,6  \n1. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  \n2. Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  \n3. Department of Adult Hematology Oncology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  \n4. Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran  \n5. Department of Hematology Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  \n6. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  \n\n| KEYWORDS |  |  | ABSTRACT |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Biomarker, Cholangiocarcinoma, Immunohistochemistry\u003Cbr>Scan to discover online\u003Cbr>|  |  | Background & Objective: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy that accounts for approximately 3% gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the diagnostic value of CD56, SMAD4, CEA, and p53 biomarkers in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma and its benign mimickers.\u003Cbr>Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 CCA specimens and 27 non-cancerous pancreatobiliary tissue samples diagnosed between 2018 and 2022. All specimens were evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for CD56, SMAD4, CEA, and p53 expression. The cut-offvalue of each marker was obtained from the respective kit instructions and previous studies. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 26. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u003Cbr>Results: Of the 81 specimens, the mean age in the case and control groups was 57.33 ± 11.99 and 44.7 ± 16.69 years, respectively, and 51 (63%) samples were obtained from male patients. We found that 39.5% had grade III p53 expression, 13.5% had grade II p53 expression, 41.9% had grade III CEA expression, and 9.8% had grade II CEA expression. Additionally, 17.3% were positive for CD56 expression, and 7.4% showed SMAD4 loss. There were significant associations between the expression of CEA (79.6%) and p53 (74%) in the CCA group (p-value \u003C 0.05). However, SMAD4 loss and CD56 expression were not statistically significant.\u003Cbr>Conclusion: Expression of CEA and p53 based on IHC staining is associated with the occurrence of CCA. However, SMAD4 and CD56 were not significantly associated with CCA. Further survival analysis and sensitivity and specificity assessments are needed to obtain more comprehensive results. |\n| Main Subjects:\u003Cbr>GI, Liver & Pancreas Pathology |  |  |  |\n| Received 24 Sep 2024; Accepted 06 Dec 2024; Published Online 10 Mar 2025; |  |  |  |\n|  10.30699/ijp.2025.2029980.3307 |  |  |  |\n| Corresponding Information: | Hamid Rezvani, MD, Department of Adult Hematology Oncology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, [Iran. Email:](Iran. Email: Rezvani.h@sbums.ac.ir)[ ](Iran. Email: Rezvani.h@sbums.ac.ir)[Rezvani.h@sbums.ac.ir](Iran. Email: Rezvani.h@sbums.ac.ir) |  |  |\n| Copyright © 2025. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-4.0 International License which permits Share, copy and redistribution of the material in any medium or format or adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. |  |  |  |\n\nIntroduction  \nCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a group of invasive malignancies that arise from different parts of the bile duct and within the liver parenchyma (1) . It is the second most common primary liver malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for approximately 15% of primar","cbCaiaujKeuJW33n","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaujKeuJW33n","pdf",560861,"English","# Introduction\n## Study background and classification of CCA\n## Epidemiology and diagnostic challenges\n## Prognostic factors and need for early detection","[{\"question\":\"Which biomarkers were assessed for diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluated CD56, SMAD4, CEA, and p53 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC).\"},{\"question\":\"What type of study design and sample size were used?\",\"answer\":\"A retrospective cross-sectional design was used with 54 CCA specimens and 27 non-cancerous pancreatobiliary tissue samples.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study conclude about CEA and p53 versus SMAD4 and CD56?\",\"answer\":\"CEA and p53 expression were associated with the occurrence of CCA, while SMAD4 loss and CD56 expression were not statistically significantly associated.\"}]","Diagnostic Value of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Cholangiocarcinoma and Its Benign Mimickers | PDF",1790189444]