[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-356988-105":59,"doc-detail-356988-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","diagnostic-utility-of-cytology-and-cell-block-with-immunohistochemistry-in-detection-of-peritoneal-metastasis-in-gynecological-malignancies-original-article","Diagnostic Utility of Cytology and Cell Block with Immunohistochemistry in Detection of Peritoneal Metastasis in Gynecological Malignancies - Original Article","","Peritoneal washing (PW) cytology is used for staging gynecological malignancies. This study compared conventional cytology, liquid-based cytology (LBC), and cell block evaluation of PW samples, with immunohistochemistry (IHC) applied to cell blocks. Fifty clinically suspected cases (41 ovarian, 8 uterine, 1 cervical) were analyzed. Conventional smear and LBC showed limited positive rates, while IHC-based cell block increased malignancy detection. Using histopathology as the gold standard, overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 43.8%, 94.4%, and 62%, with good inter-technique agreement by Cohen’s kappa.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/diagnostic-utility-of-cytology-and-cell-block-with-immunohistochemistry-in-detection-of-peritoneal-metastasis-in-gynecological-malignancies-original-article/356988/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/diagnostic-utility-of-cytology-and-cell-block-with-immunohistochemistry-in-detection-of-peritoneal-metastasis-in-gynecological-malignancies-original-article/356988.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"supergirl","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What is the purpose of peritoneal washing cytology in gynecological malignancies?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"It is used to evaluate peritoneal metastasis and support clinical staging and prognosis. Tumor cells in PW change staging and can significantly affect outcomes.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How were conventional cytology, LBC, and cell block compared in the study?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"PW samples from 50 suspected cases were processed into conventional cytology, liquid-based cytology, and cell block preparations. Immunohistochemistry was then performed on cell blocks and results were statistically compared.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What did the study find about diagnostic performance of PW cytology?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"IHC-assisted cell block increased positive malignancy detection compared with conventional smear and LBC. Overall sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy versus histopathology were 43.8%, 94.4%, and 62%.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},356988,1790180382,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":142,"read_time":143},962088121634,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Original Article  \nDiagnostic Utility of Cytology and Cell Block with Immunohistochemistry in Detection of Peritoneal Metastasis in  \nGynecological Malignancies  \nDamleen Kaur1, Uma Handa1, Phiza Aggarwal1, Poonam Goel2  \n1Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh, India, 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical  \nCollege and Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh, India  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Peritoneal washing (PW) cytology has become a widely accepted procedure for staging of gynecological malignancies. Aims: To compare conventional cytology, liquid-based cytology (LBC) and cell block in the evaluation of PWs. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 clinically suspected cases of gynecological malignancies were enrolled, which included 41 ovarian neoplasms, eight uterine, and one case of cervical malignancy. The age of the women ranged from 13 to 74 years. The PW samples obtained in all cases were subjected to conventional cytology, LBC, and cell block preparations. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied on cell blocks and analyzed. A comparative evaluation and statistical correlation between the three techniques was performed. Results: The number of cases reported as positive for malignancy on conventional smear and LBC were 9 (18%) and 11 (22%), respectively. Fifteen (30%) cases were reported as positive for malignancy on cell block after IHC analysis. All three cytological techniques showed a good correlation in diagnosing peritoneal metastasis on evaluation by Cohen’s kappa score (≤ 1.00) . However, the overall sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of PW cytology was 43. 8%, 94.4%, and 62%, respectively, taking histopathology as the gold standard. The most common malignancy which led to peritoneal fluid involvement was high-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the usefulness of combining the three cytological techniques to diagnose peritoneal metastasis in gynecological malignancies. Cell block with IHC can help in reducing the false-negative cases and further adds to objectivity in ambiguous cases.  \nKeywords: Cell block, conventional smear, FNA, liquid-based cytology, peritoneal washing  \nIntroductIon  \nPeritoneal washing (PW) has been a good diagnostic modality to evaluate peritoneal metastasis in gynecological cancers since the early 1950s. [1] This concept was incorporated into the official staging of ovarian cancers by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) in 1975. Peritoneal spread occurs primarily in ovarian, followed by endometrial cancer. [2] The role of PW in staging ovarian/ fallopian tube neoplasms is well established. Although positive PW cytology is no longer included in the staging of endometrial/cervical cancers, still the procedure is carried out for risk stratification of the patients and has prognostic implications. [3] PW cytology identifies any  \n\n| Access this article online |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Quick Response Code:\u003Cbr>| Website:\u003Cbr>[https://journals.lww.com/jocy](https://journals.lww.com/jocy) |\n|  | DOI:\u003Cbr>10.4103/joc.joc_71_25 |\n\nmicroscopic extent of the tumor in the peritoneal cavity. The comment upon the presence of tumor cells in the PWis of utmost importance as it changes the clinical staging and has a significant impact on the overall prognosis and survival of the patient. [4]  \nAddress for correspondence: Dr. Uma Handa,  \nDepartment of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh-160030, India.  \nE-mail: [damleenmangat2828@gmail.com](damleenmangat2828@gmail.com)  \nThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License (CC BY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.  \nFor reprints [contact:](contact: WKHLR","cbCaiarrO3vsNIsz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiarrO3vsNIsz","pdf",1904524,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Background and rationale\n## Role of peritoneal washing in staging\n# Materials and Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of peritoneal washing cytology in gynecological malignancies?\",\"answer\":\"It is used to evaluate peritoneal metastasis and support clinical staging and prognosis. Tumor cells in PW change staging and can significantly affect outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"How were conventional cytology, LBC, and cell block compared in the study?\",\"answer\":\"PW samples from 50 suspected cases were processed into conventional cytology, liquid-based cytology, and cell block preparations. Immunohistochemistry was then performed on cell blocks and results were statistically compared.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the study find about diagnostic performance of PW cytology?\",\"answer\":\"IHC-assisted cell block increased positive malignancy detection compared with conventional smear and LBC. Overall sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy versus histopathology were 43.8%, 94.4%, and 62%.\"}]","Diagnostic Utility of Cytology and Cell Block with Immunohistochemistry in Detection of Peritoneal Metastasis in Gynecological Malignancies - Original Article | PDF",1790128544,18]